AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Artificial intelligence and radiologists in prostate cancer detection on MRI (PI-CAI): an international, paired, non-inferiority, confirmatory study.

The Lancet. Oncology
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) systems can potentially aid the diagnostic pathway of prostate cancer by alleviating the increasing workload, preventing overdiagnosis, and reducing the dependence on experienced radiologists. We aimed to inve...

Deep learning model utilizing clinical data alone outperforms image-based model for hernia recurrence following abdominal wall reconstruction with long-term follow up.

Surgical endoscopy
BACKGROUND: Deep learning models (DLMs) using preoperative computed tomography (CT) imaging have shown promise in predicting outcomes following abdominal wall reconstruction (AWR), including component separation, wound complications, and pulmonary fa...

Artificial Intelligence Improves the Ability of Physicians to Identify Prostate Cancer Extent.

The Journal of urology
PURPOSE: Defining prostate cancer contours is a complex task, undermining the efficacy of interventions such as focal therapy. A multireader multicase study compared physicians' performance using artificial intelligence (AI) vs standard-of-care metho...

Evaluation of machine learning approach for surgical results of Ahmed valve implantation in patients with glaucoma.

BMC ophthalmology
BACKGROUND: Ahmed valve implantation demonstrated an increasing proportion in glaucoma surgery, but predicting the successful maintenance of target intraocular pressure remains a challenging task. This study aimed to evaluate the performance of machi...

Artificial intelligence-driven computer aided diagnosis system provides similar diagnosis value compared with doctors' evaluation in lung cancer screening.

BMC medical imaging
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the consistency between doctors and artificial intelligence (AI) software in analysing and diagnosing pulmonary nodules, and assess whether the characteristics of pulmonary nodules derived from the two methods are consistent fo...

Machine learning models predicts risk of proliferative lupus nephritis.

Frontiers in immunology
OBJECTIVE: This study aims to develop and validate machine learning models to predict proliferative lupus nephritis (PLN) occurrence, offering a reliable diagnostic alternative when renal biopsy is not feasible or safe.

Equity in Using Artificial Intelligence Mortality Predictions to Target Goals of Care Documentation.

Journal of general internal medicine
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) algorithms are increasingly used to target patients with elevated mortality risk scores for goals-of-care (GOC) conversations.

Analysis of Cerebral CT Based on Supervised Machine Learning as a Predictor of Outcome After Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: In light of limited intensive care capacities and a lack of accurate prognostic tools to advise caregivers and family members responsibly, this study aims to determine whether automated cerebral CT (CCT) analysis allows pro...