AIMC Topic: UK Biobank

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Machine learning derived retinal pigment score from ophthalmic imaging shows ethnicity is not biology.

Nature communications
Few metrics exist to describe phenotypic diversity within ophthalmic imaging datasets, with researchers often using ethnicity as a surrogate marker for biological variability. We derived a continuous, measured metric, the retinal pigment score (RPS),...

Evaluation of a machine learning-based metabolic marker for coronary artery disease in the UK Biobank.

Atherosclerosis
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: An in silico quantitative score of coronary artery disease (ISCAD), built using machine learning and clinical data from electronic health records, has been shown to result in gradations of risk of subclinical atherosclerosis, cor...

Explainable machine learning identifies a polygenic risk score as a key predictor of pancreatic cancer risk in the UK Biobank.

Digestive and liver disease : official journal of the Italian Society of Gastroenterology and the Italian Association for the Study of the Liver
BACKGROUND: Predicting the risk of developing pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is of paramount importance, given its high mortality rate. Current PDAC risk prediction models rely on a limited number of variables, do not include genetics, and h...

Machine learning and statistical models to predict all-cause mortality in type 2 diabetes: Results from the UK Biobank study.

Diabetes & metabolic syndrome
AIMS: This study aims to compare the performance of contemporary machine learning models with statistical models in predicting all-cause mortality in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to develop a user-friendly mortality risk prediction tool...

Disease prediction with multi-omics and biomarkers empowers case-control genetic discoveries in the UK Biobank.

Nature genetics
The emergence of biobank-level datasets offers new opportunities to discover novel biomarkers and develop predictive algorithms for human disease. Here, we present an ensemble machine-learning framework (machine learning with phenotype associations, ...

BrainSegFounder: Towards 3D foundation models for neuroimage segmentation.

Medical image analysis
The burgeoning field of brain health research increasingly leverages artificial intelligence (AI) to analyze and interpret neuroimaging data. Medical foundation models have shown promise of superior performance with better sample efficiency. This wor...

Sex and population differences in the cardiometabolic continuum: a machine learning study using the UK Biobank and ELSA-Brasil cohorts.

BMC public health
BACKGROUND: The temporal relationships across cardiometabolic diseases (CMDs) were recently conceptualized as the cardiometabolic continuum (CMC), sequence of cardiovascular events that stem from gene-environmental interactions, unhealthy lifestyle i...

Comparing cadence-based and machine learning based estimates for physical activity intensity classification: The UK Biobank.

Journal of science and medicine in sport
OBJECTIVES: Cadence thresholds have been widely used to categorize physical activity intensity in health-related research. We examined the convergent validity of two cadence-based intensity classification approaches against a machine-learning-based i...

Self-Supervised Machine Learning to Characterize Step Counts from Wrist-Worn Accelerometers in the UK Biobank.

Medicine and science in sports and exercise
PURPOSE: Step count is an intuitive measure of physical activity frequently quantified in health-related studies; however, accurate step counting is difficult in the free-living environment, with error routinely above 20% in wrist-worn devices agains...

Phenome-wide identification of therapeutic genetic targets, leveraging knowledge graphs, graph neural networks, and UK Biobank data.

Science advances
The ongoing expansion of human genomic datasets propels therapeutic target identification; however, extracting gene-disease associations from gene annotations remains challenging. Here, we introduce Mantis-ML 2.0, a framework integrating AstraZeneca'...