AIMC Topic: Cohort Studies

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Measuring the impact of age, gender and dementia on communication-robot interventions in residential care homes.

Geriatrics & gerontology international
AIM: The primary aim of this study was to examine the impact of age, gender and the stage of dementia on the results of an assistive technology intervention that make use of communication robots (com-robots). The intervention was designed to improve ...

Application of deep learning to the diagnosis of cervical lymph node metastasis from thyroid cancer with CT: external validation and clinical utility for resident training.

European radiology
PURPOSE: This study aimed to validate a deep learning model's diagnostic performance in using computed tomography (CT) to diagnose cervical lymph node metastasis (LNM) from thyroid cancer in a large clinical cohort and to evaluate the model's clinica...

A neural circuit model for a contextual association task inspired by recommender systems.

Hippocampus
Behavioral data shows that humans and animals have the capacity to learn rules of associations applied to specific examples, and generalize these rules to a broad variety of contexts. This article focuses on neural circuit mechanisms to perform a con...

Cenicriviroc, a dual CCR2 and CCR5 antagonist leads to a reduction in plasma fibrotic biomarkers in persons living with HIV on antiretroviral therapy.

HIV research & clinical practice
Chronic HIV is associated with increased inflammation and tissue fibrosis despite suppressive antiretroviral therapy (ART). Monocytes and macrophages have been implicated in the pathogenesis of fibrosis, facilitated by chemokine receptor interaction...

Using artificial intelligence (AI) to predict postoperative surgical site infection: A retrospective cohort of 4046 posterior spinal fusions.

Clinical neurology and neurosurgery
OBJECTIVES: Machine Learning and Artificial Intelligence (AI) are rapidly growing in capability and increasingly applied to model outcomes and complications within medicine. In spinal surgery, post-operative surgical site infections (SSIs) are a rare...

Machine Learning for Predicting Complications in Head and Neck Microvascular Free Tissue Transfer.

The Laryngoscope
OBJECTIVES/HYPOTHESIS: Machine learning (ML) is a type of artificial intelligence wherein a computer learns patterns and associations between variables to correctly predict outcomes. The objectives of this study were to 1) use a ML platform to identi...

Assessment of utilization efficiency using machine learning techniques: A study of heterogeneity in preoperative healthcare utilization among super-utilizers.

American journal of surgery
INTRODUCTION: In the United States, 5% of patients represent up to 55% of all health care costs. This study sought to define healthcare utilization patterns among super-utilizers, as well as assess possible variation in patient outcomes.

Design of a deep learning model for automatic scoring of periodic and non-periodic leg movements during sleep validated against multiple human experts.

Sleep medicine
OBJECTIVE: Currently, manual scoring is the gold standard of leg movement scoring (LMs) and periodic LMs (PLMS) in overnight polysomnography (PSG) studies, which is subject to inter-scorer variability. The objective of this study is to design and val...

Ovarian torsion: developing a machine-learned algorithm for diagnosis.

Pediatric radiology
BACKGROUND: Ovarian torsion is a common concern in girls presenting to emergency care with pelvic or abdominal pain. The diagnosis is challenging to make accurately and quickly, relying on a combination of physical exam, history and radiologic evalua...

Development and validation of machine learning models to predict gastrointestinal leak and venous thromboembolism after weight loss surgery: an analysis of the MBSAQIP database.

Surgical endoscopy
BACKGROUND: Postoperative gastrointestinal leak and venous thromboembolism (VTE) are devastating complications of bariatric surgery. The performance of currently available predictive models for these complications remains wanting, while machine learn...