AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Evaluating Locally Run Large Language Models (Gemma 2, Mistral Nemo, and Llama 3) for Outpatient Otorhinolaryngology Care: Retrospective Study.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: Large language models (LLMs) have great potential to improve and make the work of clinicians more efficient. Previous studies have mainly focused on web-based services, such as ChatGPT, often with simulated cases. For the processing of pe...

A nomogram for predicting renal function recovery after robotic-assisted ureteral reconstruction: development and comparative validation using traditional and machine learning models.

Journal of robotic surgery
OBJECTIVE: To develop, validate, and compare a Traditional Multivariable Logistic Regression model with a Machine Learning-based LASSO Regression Model for predicting significant renal function recovery in adult patients undergoing surgical repair fo...

Predicting IVF outcomes using a logistic regression-ABC hybrid model: A proof-of-concept study on supplement associations.

PloS one
Machine learning models are increasingly applied to assisted reproductive technologies (ART), yet most studies rely on conventional algorithms with limited optimization. This proof-of-concept study investigates whether a hybrid Logistic Regression-Ar...

Association Between Choroid Plexus Morphological Alterations, Alzheimer Pathologies, and Cognitive Impairment: A Longitudinal Study.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The choroid plexus (ChP) plays a crucial role in maintaining brain health. Alzheimer disease (AD) pathologies may damage the ChP and accelerate neurodegeneration. Previous imaging studies have found overall increased ChP vo...

Novel insights into predicting the presence of micropapillary and solid components in stage IA lung adenocarcinoma using machine learning models of modifiable risk factors.

Annals of medicine
BACKGROUND: Lung adenocarcinoma (LUAC) patients with micropapillary (MP) and/or solid (S) generally demonstrate a poorer survival prognosis. In the diagnosis and treatment of stage IA LUAC, precisely establishing personalized treatment strategies for...

A machine-learning model to identify concurrent vascular disease in symptomatic patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

Annals of medicine
AIM/INTRODUCTION: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a complex, heterogeneous syndrome often accompanied by vascular diseases that worsen prognosis and quality of life. This study aimed to develop a machine learning model to identify con...

Fully automated detection and identification of CSF shunt valves using YOLOv8 and a class-based reference image assignment as a safety mechanism.

Scientific reports
The study aimed to develop and evaluate an algorithm based on the YOLOv8x framework to automatically detect and identify cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) shunt valves. This approach seeks to streamline the diagnostic process identifying shunt valve types an...

Multimodal deep learning framework integrating multiphase CT and histopathological whole slide imaging for predicting recurrence in ccRCC.

Scientific reports
ccRCC is an aggressive, heterogeneous tumor with a poor prognosis. Prognostic assessments need multi-modal data. Radiological images have limits, while pathological images offer micro-level details. Integrating these for ccRCC outcome prediction is i...

Development and validation of the risk stratification based on deep learning and radiomics to predict survival of advanced cervical cancer.

Scientific reports
Advanced cervical cancer (aCC) is associated with a poor prognosis. This study aimed to develop and validate a deep learning-based risk stratification model to predict overall survival in aCC patients using pre-treatment CT images. A total of 396 pat...

Aetiological clustering of newly diagnosed type 2 diabetes using machine learning: a retrospective cross-sectional study in Dubai, UAE.

BMJ open
OBJECTIVES: Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is a complex disease with a heterogeneous clinical presentation. Recently, five distinct clusters of T2D have been identified in the Emirati population of long-standing T2D with complications. This study aimed to val...