AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Implementing an AI algorithm in the clinical setting: a case study for the accuracy paradox.

European radiology
OBJECTIVES: We report our experience implementing an algorithm for the detection of large vessel occlusion (LVO) for suspected stroke in the emergency setting, including its performance, and offer an explanation as to why it was poorly received by ra...

Detection of focal cortical dysplasia: Development and multicentric evaluation of artificial intelligence models.

Epilepsia
OBJECTIVE: Focal cortical dysplasia (FCD) is a common cause of drug-resistant focal epilepsy but can be challenging to detect visually on magnetic resonance imaging. Three artificial intelligence models for automated FCD detection are publicly availa...

Validation of AI-driven measurements for hip morphology assessment.

European journal of radiology
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Accurate assessment of hip morphology is crucial for the diagnosis and management of hip pathologies. Traditional manual measurements are prone to mistakes and inter- and intra-reader variability. Artificial intelligence (AI...

Forecasting Pediatric Trauma Volumes: Insights From a Retrospective Study Using Machine Learning.

The Journal of surgical research
INTRODUCTION: Rising pediatric firearm-related fatalities in the United States strain Trauma Centers. Predicting trauma volume could improve resource management and preparedness, particularly if daily forecasts are achievable. The aim of the study is...

Exploring machine learning tools in a retrospective case-study of patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer treated with first-line immunotherapy: A feasibility single-centre experience.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) models are emerging as promising tools to identify predictive features among data coming from health records. Their application in clinical routine is still challenging, due to technical limits and to explaina...

Leveraging Machine Learning to Identify Subgroups of Misclassified Patients in the Emergency Department: Multicenter Proof-of-Concept Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Hospitals use triage systems to prioritize the needs of patients within available resources. Misclassification of a patient can lead to either adverse outcomes in a patient who did not receive appropriate care in the case of undertriage o...

Development and evaluation of a deep learning segmentation model for assessing non-surgical endodontic treatment outcomes on periapical radiographs: A retrospective study.

PloS one
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep learning-based segmentation model for predicting outcomes of non-surgical endodontic treatment. Preoperative and 3-year postoperative periapical radiographic images of each tooth from routine roo...

A novel artificial intelligence segmentation model for early diagnosis of bladder tumors.

Abdominal radiology (New York)
OBJECTIVE: Despite cystoscopy plays an important role in bladder tumors diagnosis, it often falls short in flat cancerous tissue and minuscule satellite lesions. It can easily lead to a missed diagnosis by the urologist, which can lead to a swift tum...

Machine Learning Prediction of Early Recurrence in Gastric Cancer: A Nationwide Real-World Study.

Annals of surgical oncology
BACKGROUND: Patients with gastric cancer (GC) who experience early recurrence (ER) within 2 years postoperatively have poor prognoses. This study aimed to analyze and predict ER after curative surgery for patients with GC using machine learning (ML) ...

Noninvasive machine-learning models for the detection of lesion-specific ischemia in patients with stable angina with intermediate stenosis severity on coronary CT angiography.

Physical and engineering sciences in medicine
This study proposed noninvasive machine-learning models for the detection of lesion-specific ischemia (LSI) in patients with stable angina with intermediate stenosis severity based on coronary computed tomography (CT) angiography. This single-center ...