AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Deep Learning Assessment of Small Renal Masses at Contrast-enhanced Multiphase CT.

Radiology
Background Accurate characterization of suspicious small renal masses is crucial for optimized management. Deep learning (DL) algorithms may assist with this effort. Purpose To develop and validate a DL algorithm for identifying benign small renal ma...

Establishment and validation of multiclassification prediction models for pulmonary nodules based on machine learning.

The clinical respiratory journal
BACKGROUND: Lung cancer is the leading cause of cancer-related death worldwide. This study aimed to establish novel multiclassification prediction models based on machine learning (ML) to predict the probability of malignancy in pulmonary nodules (PN...

Inflammation indexes and machine-learning algorithm in predicting urethroplasty success.

Investigative and clinical urology
PURPOSE: To assess the predictive capability of hematological inflammatory markers for urethral stricture recurrence after primary urethroplasty and to compare traditional statistical methods with a machine-learning-based artificial intelligence algo...

Integrating Machine Learning and Traditional Survival Analysis to Identify Key Predictors of Foveal Involvement in Geographic Atrophy.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study was to investigate the incidence of foveal involvement in geographic atrophy (GA) secondary to age-related macular degeneration (AMD), using machine learning to assess the importance of risk factors.

Deep-Learning Based Automated Segmentation and Quantitative Volumetric Analysis of Orbital Muscle and Fat for Diagnosis of Thyroid Eye Disease.

Investigative ophthalmology & visual science
PURPOSE: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is characterized by proliferation of orbital tissues and complicated by compressive optic neuropathy (CON). This study aims to utilize a deep-learning (DL)-based automated segmentation model to segment orbital muscl...

Machine learning to understand risks for severe COVID-19 outcomes: a retrospective cohort study of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases, immunomodulatory medications, and comorbidities in a large US health-care system.

The Lancet. Digital health
BACKGROUND: In the context of immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs), COVID-19 outcomes are incompletely understood and vary considerably depending on the patient population studied. We aimed to analyse severe COVID-19 outcomes and to investig...

A Semiautonomous Deep Learning System to Reduce False Positives in Screening Mammography.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Purpose To evaluate the ability of a semiautonomous artificial intelligence (AI) model to identify screening mammograms not suspicious for breast cancer and reduce the number of false-positive examinations. Materials and Methods The deep learning alg...

Performance of an Artificial Intelligence System for Breast Cancer Detection on Screening Mammograms from BreastScreen Norway.

Radiology. Artificial intelligence
Purpose To explore the stand-alone breast cancer detection performance, at different risk score thresholds, of a commercially available artificial intelligence (AI) system. Materials and Methods This retrospective study included information from 661 ...

Prediction of immunochemotherapy response for diffuse large B-cell lymphoma using artificial intelligence digital pathology.

The journal of pathology. Clinical research
Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a heterogeneous and prevalent subtype of aggressive non-Hodgkin lymphoma that poses diagnostic and prognostic challenges, particularly in predicting drug responsiveness. In this study, we used digital patholog...