AIMC Topic: Brain

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AI evolution: bring biomimicry to language models.

Bioinspiration & biomimetics
Humans can now emulate language in silica-based neural networks, but we remain ignorant about how language emerged in carbon-based neural networks in the first place. This gap represents not merely a scientific blind spot, but a unique opportunity to...

Integrated multi-omic and symptom clustering reveals lower-gastrointestinal disorders of gut-brain interaction heterogeneity.

Gut microbes
Rome IV disorders of gut-brain interaction (DGBI) subtypes are known to be unstable and demonstrate high rates of non-treatment response, likely indicating patient heterogeneity. Cluster analysis, a type of unsupervised machine learning, can identify...

Pattern and structural detection in grayscale images through the application of quantile graphs in higher-dimensional spaces.

Scientific reports
Deep Learning (DL) and Machine Learning (ML) algorithms are adept at managing and classifying a wide range of data formats, including time series, text, and images, addressing challenges in both supervised and unsupervised learning. However, the prac...

Human EEG and artificial neural networks reveal disentangled representations and processing timelines of object real-world size and depth in natural images.

eLife
Remarkably, human brains have the ability to accurately perceive and process the real-world size of objects, despite vast differences in distance and perspective. While previous studies have delved into this phenomenon, distinguishing the processing ...

EEG-based meditation decoding: tackling subject variability with spatial and temporal alignment.

Journal of neural engineering
. Meditation and mindfulness are increasingly recognized as important in improving mental well-being. However, electroencephalography (EEG)-based neurofeedback systems supporting these practices typically fail to generalize to unseen subjects. This s...

Ratio maps of T1w/T2w MRI signal intensity do not improve deep-learning segmentation of pediatric brain tumors.

PloS one
INTRODUCTION: T1w/T2w ratio mapping, combining voxel-wise signal intensities in T1-weighted (T1w) and T2-weighted (T2w) structural MRI, has been used to investigate cortical architecture in the brain, but has also shown promise in tissue discriminati...

Association of Brain Age With Physical Disability and Cognitive Impairment in People With Multiple Sclerosis of the Same Age.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: The brain-predicted age difference (brain-PAD) is a novel marker of neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS). Brain-PAD has been associated with clinical disability in heterogeneous MS patient cohorts of varying ages an...

Incorporating multi-modal prompt learning into foundation models enhances predictability of visual fMRI responses to dynamic natural stimuli.

Journal of neural engineering
. Modeling neural encoding of visual stimuli often uses deep neural networks (DNNs) to predict human brain response to external stimuli. However, each DNN depends on networks tailored for computer vision tasks, resulting in suboptimal brain correspon...

RAUM-GANs: a multi-layer GAN-enhanced framework for accurate multiple sclerosis lesion segmentation in MRI.

Scientific reports
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by inflammatory brain lesions, making MRI-based lesion segmentation challenging due to noise, missing data, and limited availability of high-quality labeled images. This paper pres...