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Humans - AI Medical Compendium

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DeepAIP: Deep learning for anti-inflammatory peptide prediction using pre-trained protein language model features based on contextual self-attention network.

International journal of biological macromolecules
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), glucocorticoids, and other immunosuppressants are commonly used medications for treating inflammation. However, these drugs often come with numerous side effects. Therefore, finding more effective metho...

Demystifying unsupervised learning: how it helps and hurts.

Trends in cognitive sciences
Humans and machines rarely have access to explicit external feedback or supervision, yet manage to learn. Most modern machine learning systems succeed because they benefit from unsupervised data. Humans are also expected to benefit and yet, mysteriou...

Visual interpretation of deep learning model in ECG classification: A comprehensive evaluation of feature attribution methods.

Computers in biology and medicine
Feature attribution methods can visually highlight specific input regions containing influential aspects affecting a deep learning model's prediction. Recently, the use of feature attribution methods in electrocardiogram (ECG) classification has been...

Valid inference for machine learning-assisted genome-wide association studies.

Nature genetics
Machine learning (ML) has become increasingly popular in almost all scientific disciplines, including human genetics. Owing to challenges related to sample collection and precise phenotyping, ML-assisted genome-wide association study (GWAS), which us...

Fast, variable stiffness-induced braided coiled artificial muscles.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
Biomimetic actuation technologies with high muscle strokes, cycle rates, and work capacities are necessary for robotic systems. We present a muscle type that operates based on changes in muscle stiffness caused by volume expansion. This muscle is cre...

Patient-Specific Myocardial Infarction Risk Thresholds From AI-Enabled Coronary Plaque Analysis.

Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging
BACKGROUND: Plaque quantification from coronary computed tomography angiography has emerged as a valuable predictor of cardiovascular risk. Deep learning can provide automated quantification of coronary plaque from computed tomography angiography. We...

Application of a deep-learning marker for morbidity and mortality prediction derived from retinal photographs: a cohort development and validation study.

The lancet. Healthy longevity
BACKGROUND: Biological ageing markers are useful to risk stratify morbidity and mortality more precisely than chronological age. In this study, we aimed to develop a novel deep-learning-based biological ageing marker (referred to as RetiPhenoAge here...

Retrospective Analysis of Radiofrequency Ablation in Patients with Small Solitary Hepatocellular Carcinoma: Survival Outcomes and Development of a Machine Learning Prognostic Model.

Current medical science
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The effectiveness of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) in improving long-term survival outcomes for patients with a solitary hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) measuring 5 cm or less remains uncertain. This study was designed to elu...

Machine Learning Algorithm to Predict Atrial Fibrillation Using Serial 12-Lead ECGs Based on Left Atrial Remodeling.

Journal of the American Heart Association
BACKGROUND: We hypothesized that analysis of serial ECGs could predict new-onset atrial fibrillation (AF) more accurately than analysis of a single ECG by detecting the subtle cardiac remodeling that occurs immediately before AF occurrence. Our aim i...