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Explainable machine learning for predicting clinical outcomes in HIV/TB co-infection: a comparative retrospective study.

BMC infectious diseases
BACKGROUND: HIV/TB co-infection presents substantial public-health challenges, showing greater treatment-failure and mortality rates than tuberculosis alone. Recent advances in machine learning (ML) provide a robust means of identifying high-risk pat...

PTA-DFS study: design of a randomised controlled trial assessing the effects of early percutaneous transluminal angioplasty on the healing of diabetic foot ulcers in persons with type 2 diabetes.

BMC cardiovascular disorders
BACKGROUND: Peripheral arterial disease (PAD) and local infections increase the risk of non-healing diabetic foot ulcers (DFU) and limb amputations but are treatable by percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA), local wound care and antibiotic ther...

Non-invasive identification of mesenchymal glioblastoma using quantitative radiomic features from advanced diffusion MRI: a preclinical-to-clinical transfer learning strategy.

European radiology experimental
BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is no longer regarded as a single disease, as distinct molecular subgroups exist, with the mesenchymal (MES) having the worst prognosis. As such, there is a critical need for noninvasive methods to determine GBM molecul...

Large language model as a clinical decision support tool in the initial management of critically ill children: a pilot evaluation.

European journal of pediatrics
UNLABELLED: Large language models (LLMs) like ChatGPT are being explored as clinical decision support tools, but their reliability in pediatric acute care remains uncertain. This pilot study assessed ChatGPT-4.0's performance in the early management ...

The need for speed: using nystagmus velocity profiles and machine learning models to separate canalithiasis BPV from its mimics.

Journal of neurology
PURPOSE: Separating BPV from other positional nystagmus types can be challenging. We examined the utility of nystagmus slow-phase velocity (SPV) profiles when seeking to separate canalithiasis benign positional vertigo (BPV) from its mimics.

Decoding brain structure-function dynamics in health and in psychosis via an autoencoder.

Scientific reports
Understanding the intricate relationship between brain structure and function is a cornerstone challenge in neuroscience, critical for deciphering the mechanisms that underlie healthy and pathological brain function. In this work, we present a compre...

Generating synthetic task-based brain fingerprints for population neuroscience using deep learning.

Communications biology
Task-based functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) reveals individual differences in neural correlates of cognition but faces scalability challenges due to cognitive demands, protocol variability, and limited task coverage in large datasets. Her...

Revealing new associations between lncRNAs and diseases through cross attention mechanism and multiple level feature fusion.

Scientific reports
Revealing new lncRNA-disease associations (LDAs) is necessary to decipher pathological mechanisms and find new clues of diagnosis and therapy for complex diseases. However, experimental methods for LDA identification need a significant amount of time...

A comprehensive feature importance analysis of surgical site infection following colorectal cancer surgery.

Scientific reports
Surgical site infection (SSI) after colorectal cancer (CRC) surgery is still a significant healthcare issue. This study aimed to analyze risk factor associated with SSI. A total of 528 consecutive CRC patients who underwent curative resections betwee...