AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Deep learning algorithms for detection of critical findings in head CT scans: a retrospective study.

Lancet (London, England) Oct 11, 2018
BACKGROUND: Non-contrast head CT scan is the current standard for initial imaging of patients with head trauma or stroke symptoms. We aimed to develop and validate a set of deep learning algorithms for automated detection of the following key finding...
Head Intracranial Hemorrhages Trauma Severity Indices Deep Learning Humans Brain Injuries Algorithms Triage Retrospective Studies Skull Fractures Tomography, X-Ray Computed Datasets as Topic
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The fate of medicine in the time of AI.

Lancet (London, England) Oct 11, 2018
Algorithms Medicine Retrospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Deep Learning
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Deep Learning to Distinguish Recalled but Benign Mammography Images in Breast Cancer Screening.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research Oct 11, 2018
PURPOSE: False positives in digital mammography screening lead to high recall rates, resulting in unnecessary medical procedures to patients and health care costs. This study aimed to investigate the revolutionary deep learning methods to distinguish...
ROC Curve Humans Female Mammography Retrospective Studies Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Reproducibility of Results Mass Screening Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Breast Neoplasms Early Detection of Cancer Deep Learning Public Health Surveillance
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3D convolutional neural networks for detection and severity staging of meniscus and PFJ cartilage morphological degenerative changes in osteoarthritis and anterior cruciate ligament subjects.

Journal of magnetic resonance imaging : JMRI Oct 10, 2018
BACKGROUND: Semiquantitative assessment of MRI plays a central role in musculoskeletal research; however, in the clinical setting MRI reports often tend to be subjective and qualitative. Grading schemes utilized in research are not used because they ...
Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries Anterior Cruciate Ligament Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction Meniscus Imaging, Three-Dimensional Magnetic Resonance Imaging False Positive Reactions Osteoarthritis, Knee Cartilage, Articular Male Middle Aged Female Severity of Illness Index Reproducibility of Results ROC Curve Aged Adult Sensitivity and Specificity Humans Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies
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Transoral surgery using the Flex Robotic System: Initial experience in the United States.

Head & neck Oct 10, 2018
BACKGROUND: This multicenter, retrospective review documents the initial experience using the Flex system for transoral surgery in 2 United States academic centers.
Humans Retrospective Studies Female Aged Adult Male Equipment Design Clinical Competence Robotic Surgical Procedures Cohort Studies Mouth Academic Medical Centers United States Pharynx Middle Aged Natural Orifice Endoscopic Surgery Treatment Outcome Tongue Risk Assessment Learning Curve Robotics Postoperative Complications Larynx Length of Stay Glottis
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Deep Learning-based Method for Fully Automatic Quantification of Left Ventricle Function from Cine MR Images: A Multivendor, Multicenter Study.

Radiology Oct 9, 2018
Purpose To develop a deep learning-based method for fully automated quantification of left ventricular (LV) function from short-axis cine MR images and to evaluate its performance in a multivendor and multicenter setting. Materials and Methods This r...
Heart Ventricles Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine Ventricular Function Humans Retrospective Studies Deep Learning
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Detection of Traumatic Pediatric Elbow Joint Effusion Using a Deep Convolutional Neural Network.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology Oct 9, 2018
OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to determine whether a deep convolutional neural network (DCNN) trained on a dataset of limited size can accurately diagnose traumatic pediatric elbow effusion on lateral radiographs.
Adolescent Child, Preschool Child Radiography Elbow Joint Observer Variation Elbow Injuries Young Adult Sensitivity and Specificity Male Infant Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Humans Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Female
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Detection of gastritis by a deep convolutional neural network from double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography.

Journal of gastroenterology Oct 3, 2018
BACKGROUND: Deep learning has become a new trend of image recognition tasks in the field of medicine. We developed an automated gastritis detection system using double-contrast upper gastrointestinal barium X-ray radiography.
Barium Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Female Sensitivity and Specificity Male Humans Middle Aged Deep Learning Radiography Gastritis False Negative Reactions
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Automated quantification of reference levels in liver and mediastinal blood pool for the Deauville therapy response classification using FDG-PET/CT in Hodgkin and non-Hodgkin lymphomas.

Clinical physiology and functional imaging Oct 3, 2018
BACKGROUND: 18F-FDG-PET/CT has become a standard for assessing treatment response in patients with lymphoma. A subjective interpretation of the scan based on the Deauville 5-point scale has been widely adopted. However, inter-observer variability due...
Humans Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Female Reproducibility of Results Middle Aged Adolescent Treatment Outcome Liver Predictive Value of Tests Aged Aged, 80 and over Young Adult Adult Male Automation Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Mediastinum Hodgkin Disease Radiopharmaceuticals Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
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Comparison of radiomics machine-learning classifiers and feature selection for differentiation of sacral chordoma and sacral giant cell tumour based on 3D computed tomography features.

European radiology Oct 2, 2018
OBJECTIVE: We aimed to identify optimal machine-learning methods for preoperative differentiation of sacral chordoma (SC) and sacral giant cell tumour (SGCT) based on 3D non-enhanced computed tomography (CT) and CT-enhanced (CTE) features.
Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Adult Male Middle Aged Linear Models Humans Spinal Neoplasms Machine Learning Giant Cell Tumors Retrospective Studies Sacrum Chordoma ROC Curve Imaging, Three-Dimensional Support Vector Machine Diagnosis, Differential Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted
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