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Treatment Outcome

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A randomized controlled trial of the effects of dog-assisted versus robot dog-assisted therapy for children with autism or Down syndrome.

PloS one
Research with controlled or crossover designs in animal-assisted therapy have largely used control groups receiving no treatment or treatment as usual, which can potentially inflate the effects of these interventions. It is therefore not always clear...

Predicting treatment response to cognitive behavior therapy in social anxiety disorder on the basis of demographics, psychiatric history, and scales: A machine learning approach.

PloS one
Only about half of patients with social anxiety disorder (SAD) respond substantially to cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT). However, there has been little evidence available to clinicians or patients about whether any individual patient is more or le...

Automated Identification of Stroke Thrombolysis Contraindications from Synthetic Clinical Notes: A Proof-of-Concept Study.

Cerebrovascular diseases extra
INTRODUCTION: Timely thrombolytic therapy improves outcomes in acute ischemic stroke. Manual chart review to screen for thrombolysis contraindications may be time-consuming and prone to errors. We developed and tested a large language model (LLM)-bas...

Machine learning predicts spinal cord stimulation surgery outcomes and reveals novel neural markers for chronic pain.

Scientific reports
Spinal cord stimulation (SCS) is a well-accepted therapy for refractory chronic pain. However, predicting responders remain a challenge due to a lack of objective pain biomarkers. The present study applies machine learning to predict which patients w...

A clinical data-driven machine learning approach for predicting the effectiveness of piperacillin-tazobactam in treating lower respiratory tract infections.

BMC pulmonary medicine
BACKGROUND: In hospitalized patients, inadequate antibiotic dosage leading to bacterial resistance and increased antimicrobial use intensity due to overexposure to antibiotics are common problems. In the present study, we constructed a machine learni...

Histopathology based AI model predicts anti-angiogenic therapy response in renal cancer clinical trial.

Nature communications
Anti-angiogenic (AA) therapy is a cornerstone of metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (ccRCC) treatment, but not everyone responds, and predictive biomarkers are lacking. CD31, a marker of vasculature, is insufficient, and the Angioscore, an RN...

Predicting orthognathic surgery results as postoperative lateral cephalograms using graph neural networks and diffusion models.

Nature communications
Orthognathic surgery, or corrective jaw surgery, is performed to correct severe dentofacial deformities and is increasingly sought for cosmetic purposes. Accurate prediction of surgical outcomes is essential for selecting the optimal treatment plan a...

State-of-the-art for automated machine learning predicts outcomes in poor-grade aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage using routinely measured laboratory & radiological parameters: coagulation parameters and liver function as key prognosticators.

Neurosurgical review
The objective of this study was to develop and evaluate automated machine learning (aML) models for predicting short-term (1-month) and medium-term (3-month) functional outcomes [Modified Rankin Scale (mRS)] in patients suffering from poor-grade aneu...

Voxel-level radiomics and deep learning for predicting pathologic complete response in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma after neoadjuvant immunotherapy and chemotherapy.

Journal for immunotherapy of cancer
BACKGROUND: Accurate prediction of pathologic complete response (pCR) following neoadjuvant immunotherapy combined with chemotherapy (nICT) is crucial for tailoring patient care in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC). This study aimed to develo...

Use machine learning to predict treatment outcome of early childhood caries.

BMC oral health
BACKGROUND: Early childhood caries (ECC) is a major oral health problem among preschool children that can significantly influence children's quality of life. Machine learning can accurately predict the treatment outcome but its use in ECC management ...