AIMC Topic: Optogenetics

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Spine dynamics in the brain, mental disorders and artificial neural networks.

Nature reviews. Neuroscience May 28, 2021
In the brain, most synapses are formed on minute protrusions known as dendritic spines. Unlike their artificial intelligence counterparts, spines are not merely tuneable memory elements: they also embody algorithms that implement the brain's ability ...
Brain Animals Neuronal Plasticity Models, Neurological Memory, Short-Term Artificial Intelligence Machine Learning Algorithms Mental Disorders Dendritic Spines Optogenetics Mental Processes Neurotransmitter Agents Receptors, Dopamine Reward Synapses Species Specificity Dopamine Humans Neural Networks, Computer
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Exploration of natural red-shifted rhodopsins using a machine learning-based Bayesian experimental design.

Communications biology Mar 19, 2021
Microbial rhodopsins are photoreceptive membrane proteins, which are used as molecular tools in optogenetics. Here, a machine learning (ML)-based experimental design method is introduced for screening rhodopsins that are likely to be red-shifted from...
Amino Acid Sequence Proof of Concept Study Sequence Analysis, Protein Rhodopsins, Microbial Bayes Theorem Ion Channels Optogenetics Color Machine Learning Protein Conformation, alpha-Helical Hydrogen-Ion Concentration Escherichia coli Light Databases, Protein
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DeepLabStream enables closed-loop behavioral experiments using deep learning-based markerless, real-time posture detection.

Communications biology Jan 29, 2021
In general, animal behavior can be described as the neuronal-driven sequence of reoccurring postures through time. Most of the available current technologies focus on offline pose estimation with high spatiotemporal resolution. However, to correlate ...
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Mice Posture Mice, Inbred C57BL Light Animals Deep Learning Time Factors Olfactory Perception Thalamus Photic Stimulation Head Movements Optogenetics Odorants Video Recording Smell Behavior, Animal Conditioning, Classical
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A simple Ca-imaging approach to neural network analyses in cultured neurons.

Journal of neuroscience methods Dec 17, 2020
BACKGROUND: Ca-imaging is a powerful tool to measure neuronal dynamics and network activity. To monitor network-level changes in cultured neurons, neuronal activity is often evoked by electrical or optogenetic stimulation and assessed using multi-ele...
Optogenetics Neural Networks, Computer Algorithms Mice Action Potentials Neurons Cells, Cultured Animals
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Distinct signals in medial and lateral VTA dopamine neurons modulate fear extinction at different times.

eLife Jun 10, 2020
Dopamine (DA) neurons are to encode reward prediction error (RPE), in addition to other signals, such as salience. While RPE is known to support learning, the role of salience in learning remains less clear. To address this, we recorded and manipulat...
Anticipation, Psychological Ventral Tegmental Area Dopaminergic Neurons Optogenetics Photometry Extinction, Psychological Mice Animals Reward Male Freezing Learning Deep Learning Fear
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Toward neuroprosthetic real-time communication from in silico to biological neuronal network via patterned optogenetic stimulation.

Scientific reports May 5, 2020
Restoration of the communication between brain circuitry is a crucial step in the recovery of brain damage induced by traumatic injuries or neurological insults. In this work we present a study of real-time unidirectional communication between a spik...
Electrophysiology Light Humans Synapsins Neurons Animals Electrodes, Implanted Models, Neurological Brain Neural Networks, Computer Video Recording Optogenetics In Vitro Techniques Action Potentials Cells, Cultured Computer Simulation Immunohistochemistry Neurotransmitter Agents Rats Equipment Design Cerebral Cortex Microscopy, Fluorescence
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Machine learning-guided channelrhodopsin engineering enables minimally invasive optogenetics.

Nature methods Oct 14, 2019
We engineered light-gated channelrhodopsins (ChRs) whose current strength and light sensitivity enable minimally invasive neuronal circuit interrogation. Current ChR tools applied to the mammalian brain require intracranial surgery for transgene deli...
Channelrhodopsins Mice, Inbred C57BL HEK293 Cells Protein Engineering Optogenetics Humans Machine Learning Animals Mice
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Neuromuscular actuation of biohybrid motile bots.

Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America Sep 16, 2019
The integration of muscle cells with soft robotics in recent years has led to the development of biohybrid machines capable of untethered locomotion. A major frontier that currently remains unexplored is neuronal actuation and control of such muscle-...
Muscle, Skeletal Robotics Equipment Design Myoblasts Movement Animals Optogenetics Collagen Flagella Mice Motor Neurons Coculture Techniques Cell Line Embryonic Stem Cells Muscle Contraction Hydrodynamics
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A bioinspired optoelectronically engineered artificial neurorobotics device with sensorimotor functionalities.

Nature communications Aug 27, 2019
Development of the next generation of bio- and nano-electronics is inseparably connected to the innovative concept of emulation and reproduction of biological sensorimotor systems and artificial neurobotics. Here, we report for the first time princip...
Electrical Synapses Robotics Electrochemical Techniques Bioengineering Alloys Neurons Optogenetics Muscles Metals, Heavy Inhibitory Postsynaptic Potentials
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A Machine Learning Approach to Characterize the Modulation of the Hippocampal Rhythms Via Optogenetic Stimulation of the Medial Septum.

International journal of neural systems Jun 27, 2019
The medial septum (MS) is a potential target for modulating hippocampal activity. However, given the multiple cell types involved, the changes in hippocampal neural activity induced by MS stimulation have not yet been fully characterized. We combined...
Hippocampus Machine Learning Optogenetics Animals Membrane Potentials Male Septal Nuclei Rats
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