AIMC Topic: Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted

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Ultra-Low-Dose Neck CT With Low-Dose Contrast Material for Preoperative Staging of Thyroid Cancer: Image Quality and Diagnostic Performance.

AJR. American journal of roentgenology Dec 17, 2018
OBJECTIVE: Although CT has been used as a complementary diagnostic method for the preoperative diagnosis of thyroid cancer, it has the shortcomings of substantial radiation exposure and the use of contrast material (CM). The purpose of this article i...
Thyroid Neoplasms Contrast Media Aged Neoplasm Staging Humans Adult Male Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Retrospective Studies Middle Aged Iohexol Tomography, X-Ray Computed Thyroidectomy Radiation Dosage Female Signal-To-Noise Ratio
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Automated Abdominal Segmentation of CT Scans for Body Composition Analysis Using Deep Learning.

Radiology Dec 11, 2018
Purpose To develop and evaluate a fully automated algorithm for segmenting the abdomen from CT to quantify body composition. Materials and Methods For this retrospective study, a convolutional neural network based on the U-Net architecture was traine...
Algorithms Retrospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Aged Aged, 80 and over Humans Carcinoma, Hepatocellular Body Composition Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Pattern Recognition, Automated Radiography, Abdominal Adult Middle Aged Deep Learning Liver Neoplasms
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Deep learning for lung cancer prognostication: A retrospective multi-cohort radiomics study.

PLoS medicine Nov 30, 2018
BACKGROUND: Non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients often demonstrate varying clinical courses and outcomes, even within the same tumor stage. This study explores deep learning applications in medical imaging allowing for the automated quantifica...
Preliminary Data Risk Factors Aged Aged, 80 and over Adult Tomography, X-Ray Computed Lung Neoplasms Male Clinical Decision-Making Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Humans Female Middle Aged Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Retrospective Studies Neoplasm Staging Risk Assessment Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Deep Learning
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Deep learning and artificial intelligence in radiology: Current applications and future directions.

PLoS medicine Nov 30, 2018
Deep Learning Predictive Value of Tests Radiology Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Diffusion of Innovation Humans Reproducibility of Results Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted
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Automated detection of moderate and large pneumothorax on frontal chest X-rays using deep convolutional neural networks: A retrospective study.

PLoS medicine Nov 20, 2018
BACKGROUND: Pneumothorax can precipitate a life-threatening emergency due to lung collapse and respiratory or circulatory distress. Pneumothorax is typically detected on chest X-ray; however, treatment is reliant on timely review of radiographs. Sinc...
Humans Databases, Factual Prognosis Retrospective Studies Reproducibility of Results Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Deep Learning Predictive Value of Tests Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Automation Radiography, Thoracic Pneumothorax
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Deep learning for chest radiograph diagnosis: A retrospective comparison of the CheXNeXt algorithm to practicing radiologists.

PLoS medicine Nov 20, 2018
BACKGROUND: Chest radiograph interpretation is critical for the detection of thoracic diseases, including tuberculosis and lung cancer, which affect millions of people worldwide each year. This time-consuming task typically requires expert radiologis...
Pneumonia Predictive Value of Tests Radiologists Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Retrospective Studies Radiography, Thoracic Reproducibility of Results Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Deep Learning Humans Clinical Competence
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Assessment of Convolutional Neural Networks for Automated Classification of Chest Radiographs.

Radiology Nov 13, 2018
Purpose To assess the ability of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) to enable high-performance automated binary classification of chest radiographs. Materials and Methods In a retrospective study, 216 431 frontal chest radiographs obtained between ...
Male Lung ROC Curve Radiologists Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Humans Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Female Radiography, Thoracic
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Machine learning assessment of myocardial ischemia using angiography: Development and retrospective validation.

PLoS medicine Nov 13, 2018
BACKGROUND: Invasive fractional flow reserve (FFR) is a standard tool for identifying ischemia-producing coronary stenosis. However, in clinical practice, over 70% of treatment decisions still rely on visual estimation of angiographic stenosis, which...
Predictive Value of Tests Coronary Angiography Ultrasonography, Interventional Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Coronary Vessels Myocardial Ischemia Cardiac Catheterization Coronary Stenosis Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial Aged Male Middle Aged Severity of Illness Index Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Clinical Decision-Making Republic of Korea Female Reproducibility of Results Humans Machine Learning Prognosis Retrospective Studies
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3-D Convolutional Neural Networks for Automatic Detection of Pulmonary Nodules in Chest CT.

IEEE journal of biomedical and health informatics Nov 9, 2018
Deep two-dimensional (2-D) convolutional neural networks (CNNs) have been remarkably successful in producing record-breaking results in a variety of computer vision tasks. It is possible to extend CNNs to three dimensions using 3-D kernels to make th...
Lung Imaging, Three-Dimensional Lung Neoplasms Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Humans Neural Networks, Computer Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Chest Radiographs in Congestive Heart Failure: Visualizing Neural Network Learning.

Radiology Nov 6, 2018
Purpose To examine Generative Visual Rationales (GVRs) as a tool for visualizing neural network learning of chest radiograph features in congestive heart failure (CHF). Materials and Methods A total of 103 489 frontal chest radiographs in 46 712 pati...
Natriuretic Peptide, Brain Radiography, Thoracic Thorax Infant, Newborn Male Humans Aged Middle Aged Aged, 80 and over Neural Networks, Computer Infant Young Adult Databases, Factual Adolescent Adult Female Child, Preschool Child ROC Curve Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Heart Failure
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