AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Development and validation of interpretable machine learning models for postoperative pneumonia prediction.

Frontiers in public health Dec 11, 2024
BACKGROUND: Postoperative pneumonia, a prevalent form of hospital-acquired pneumonia, poses significant risks to patients' prognosis and even their lives. This study aimed to develop and validate a predictive model for postoperative pneumonia in surg...
Postoperative Complications Female Humans Pneumonia Aged Adult Machine Learning Male Algorithms Middle Aged Retrospective Studies
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Evaluating the efficacy of AI systems in diabetic retinopathy detection: A comparative analysis of Mona DR and IDx-DR.

Acta ophthalmologica Dec 10, 2024
PURPOSE: To compare two artificial intelligence (AI)-based Automated Diabetic Retinopathy Image Assessment (ARIA) softwares in terms of concordance with specialist human graders and referable diabetic retinopathy (DR) diagnostic capacity.
Humans Diabetic Retinopathy Artificial Intelligence Retrospective Studies Female Male Middle Aged Photography Reproducibility of Results Aged Adult Sensitivity and Specificity
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Enhancing thin slice 3D T2-weighted prostate MRI with super-resolution deep learning reconstruction: Impact on image quality and PI-RADS assessment.

Magnetic resonance imaging Dec 10, 2024
PURPOSES: This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of Super-Resolution Deep Learning Reconstruction (SR-DLR) -a deep learning-based technique that enhances image resolution and quality during MRI reconstruction- in improving the image quality of ...
Prostate Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Image Enhancement Humans Imaging, Three-Dimensional Aged Retrospective Studies Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Aged, 80 and over Magnetic Resonance Imaging Male Prostatic Neoplasms Middle Aged Deep Learning
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Non-invasive Prediction of Lymph Node Metastasis in NSCLC Using Clinical, Radiomics, and Deep Learning Features From F-FDG PET/CT Based on Interpretable Machine Learning.

Academic radiology Dec 10, 2024
PURPOSE: This study aimed to develop and evaluate a machine learning model combining clinical, radiomics, and deep learning features derived from PET/CT imaging to predict lymph node metastasis (LNM) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC...
Lymphatic Metastasis Humans Positron Emission Tomography Computed Tomography Machine Learning Radiopharmaceuticals Male Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Deep Learning Lung Neoplasms Female Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Aged Adult Radiomics
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Convolutional neural networks for automatic MR classification of myocardial iron overload in thalassemia major patients.

European radiology Dec 10, 2024
OBJECTIVES: To develop a deep-learning model for supervised classification of myocardial iron overload (MIO) from magnitude T2* multi-echo MR images.
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Child Female Young Adult Magnetic Resonance Imaging Adult beta-Thalassemia Sensitivity and Specificity Iron Overload Humans Male Deep Learning Convolutional Neural Networks Adolescent
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Utilizing deep learning-based causal inference to explore vancomycin's impact on continuous kidney replacement therapy necessity in blood culture-positive intensive care unit patients.

Microbiology spectrum Dec 10, 2024
Patients with positive blood cultures in the intensive care unit (ICU) are at high risk for septic acute kidney injury requiring continuous kidney replacement therapy (CKRT), especially when treated with vancomycin. This study developed a machine lea...
Intensive Care Units Female Aged Adult Male Anti-Bacterial Agents Retrospective Studies Continuous Renal Replacement Therapy Acute Kidney Injury Middle Aged Deep Learning Sepsis Blood Culture Vancomycin Humans Machine Learning
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End-to-end deep learning patient level classification of affected territory of ischemic stroke patients in DW-MRI.

Neuroradiology Dec 10, 2024
PURPOSE: To develop an end-to-end DL model for automated classification of affected territory in DWI of stroke patients.
Aged, 80 and over Adult Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Ischemic Stroke Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Humans Retrospective Studies Female Aged
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Machine Learning-Based Prediction for In-Hospital Mortality After Acute Intracerebral Hemorrhage Using Real-World Clinical and Image Data.

Journal of the American Heart Association Dec 10, 2024
BACKGROUND: Machine learning (ML) techniques are widely employed across various domains to achieve accurate predictions. This study assessed the effectiveness of ML in predicting early mortality risk among patients with acute intracerebral hemorrhage...
Acute Disease Hospital Mortality ROC Curve Prognosis Cerebral Hemorrhage Retrospective Studies Predictive Value of Tests Humans Tomography, X-Ray Computed Aged Machine Learning Female Aged, 80 and over Risk Factors Male Middle Aged Risk Assessment
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Predicting Early Hospital Discharge Following Revision Total Hip Arthroplasty: An Analysis of a Large National Database Using Machine Learning.

The Journal of arthroplasty Dec 9, 2024
BACKGROUND: Revision total hip arthroplasty (rTHA) was recently removed from the Medicare inpatient-only list. However, appropriate candidate selection for outpatient rTHA remains paramount. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the utility of a ...
Humans Machine Learning Databases, Factual Retrospective Studies Logistic Models Female United States Aged Patient Discharge Aged, 80 and over Reoperation Male Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip Middle Aged
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Utility of a Large Language Model for Extraction of Clinical Findings from Healthcare Data following Lung Ablation: A Feasibility Study.

Journal of vascular and interventional radiology : JVIR Dec 9, 2024
To assess the feasibility of utilizing a large language model (LLM) in extracting clinically relevant information from healthcare data in patients who have undergone microwave ablation for lung tumors. In this single-center retrospective study, radio...
Aged Male Middle Aged Time Factors Lung Neoplasms Treatment Outcome Predictive Value of Tests Natural Language Processing Feasibility Studies Neoplasm Recurrence, Local Humans Retrospective Studies Electronic Health Records Female Reproducibility of Results Hemothorax Data Mining Ablation Techniques Pneumothorax Microwaves Hemoptysis Recurrence Large Language Models
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