AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Development and retrospective validation of an artificial intelligence system for diagnostic assessment of prostate biopsies: study protocol.

BMJ open Jul 7, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Histopathological evaluation of prostate biopsies using the Gleason scoring system is critical for prostate cancer diagnosis and treatment selection. However, grading variability among pathologists can lead to inconsistent assessments, ...
Biopsy Male Prostatic Neoplasms Neoplasm Grading Prostate Artificial Intelligence Research Design Retrospective Studies Humans
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Machine learning-based prediction of short- and long-term mortality for shared decision-making in older hip fracture patients: the Dutch Hip Fracture Audit algorithms in 74,396 cases.

Acta orthopaedica Jul 7, 2025
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE:  Treatment-related shared decision-making (SDM) in older adults with hip fractures is complex due to the need to balance patient-specific factors such as life goals, frailty, and surgical risks. It includes considerations such...
Humans Machine Learning Algorithms Male Netherlands Registries Retrospective Studies Hip Fractures Female Decision Making, Shared Aged Aged, 80 and over
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Performance of GPT-4 for automated prostate biopsy decision-making based on mpMRI: a multi-center evidence study.

Military Medical Research Jul 7, 2025
BACKGROUND: Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (mpMRI) has significantly advanced prostate cancer (PCa) detection, yet decisions on invasive biopsy with moderate prostate imaging reporting and data system (PI-RADS) scores remain ambiguous.
Decision Making Prostatic Neoplasms Prostate Biopsy Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Retrospective Studies Aged Male Middle Aged Humans
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Psoas muscle CT radiomics-based machine learning models to predict response to infliximab in patients with Crohn's disease.

Annals of medicine Jul 5, 2025
BACKGROUND: Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disease, with infliximab (IFX) commonly used for treatment. However, no clinically applicable model currently exists to predict the response of patients with CD to IFX therapy. Given th...
Humans Machine Learning Retrospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Middle Aged ROC Curve Treatment Outcome Sarcopenia Infliximab Female Adult Radiomics Male Crohn Disease Gastrointestinal Agents Psoas Muscles
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Machine learning-based predictive tools and nomogram for in-hospital mortality in critically ill cancer patients: development and external validation using retrospective cohorts.

BMC medical informatics and decision making Jul 4, 2025
BACKGROUND: The incidence of intensive care unit (ICU) admissions and the corresponding mortality rates among cancer patients are both high. However, the existing scoring systems all lack specificity. This research seeks to establish and validate a p...
Middle Aged Neoplasms Hospital Mortality Nomograms Intensive Care Units Humans Female Machine Learning Aged Retrospective Studies Male Critical Illness
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Predicting ESWL success for ureteral stones: a radiomics-based machine learning approach.

BMC medical imaging Jul 4, 2025
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model that integrates radiomics and conventional radiological features to predict the success of single-session extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL) for ureteral sto...
Male Middle Aged Treatment Outcome Ureteral Calculi Female Lithotripsy Humans Aged Machine Learning Adult Retrospective Studies Radiomics Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Deep learning-based classification of parotid gland tumors: integrating dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI for enhanced diagnostic accuracy.

BMC medical imaging Jul 4, 2025
BACKGROUND: To evaluate the performance of deep learning models in classifying parotid gland tumors using T2-weighted, diffusion-weighted, and contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR images, along with DCE data derived from time-intensity curves.
Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Contrast Media Magnetic Resonance Imaging Parotid Gland Aged Parotid Neoplasms Adult Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Humans Retrospective Studies Female
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Prediction of three-year all-cause mortality in patients with heart failure and atrial fibrillation using the CatBoost model.

BMC cardiovascular disorders Jul 4, 2025
BACKGROUND: Heart failure and atrial fibrillation (HF-AF) frequently coexist, resulting in complex interactions that substantially elevate mortality risk. This study aimed to develop and validate a machine learning (ML) model predicting the 3-year al...
Prognosis Retrospective Studies Female Reproducibility of Results Aged, 80 and over Risk Assessment Heart Failure Risk Factors Humans Male Time Factors Atrial Fibrillation Aged Middle Aged Machine Learning Predictive Value of Tests Boosting Machine Learning Algorithms Decision Support Techniques Cause of Death
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Multi-modality radiomics diagnosis of breast cancer based on MRI, ultrasound and mammography.

BMC medical imaging Jul 4, 2025
OBJECTIVE: To develop a multi-modality machine learning-based radiomics model utilizing Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), Ultrasound (US), and Mammography (MMG) for the differentiation of benign and malignant breast nodules.
Ultrasonography, Mammary Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mammography Multimodal Imaging Diagnosis, Differential Machine Learning Humans Retrospective Studies Radiomics Female Adult Middle Aged Aged Breast Neoplasms ROC Curve
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Leveraging pathological markers of lower grade glioma to predict the occurrence of secondary epilepsy, a retrospective study.

Scientific reports Jul 4, 2025
Epilepsy is a common manifestation in patients with lower grade glioma (LGG), often presenting as the initial symptom in approximately 70% of cases. This study aimed to identify clinical and pathological markers for epileptic seizures in patients wit...
ROC Curve Glioma Epilepsy Neoplasm Grading Female Risk Factors Aged Adult Biomarkers, Tumor Brain Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Humans Machine Learning Retrospective Studies
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