AIMC Topic: Case-Control Studies

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Genetic analyses of eight complex diseases using predicted continuous representations of disease.

Cell reports methods Jul 25, 2025
We evaluated whether predicted continuous disease representations could enhance genetic discovery beyond case-control genome-wide association study (GWAS) phenotypes across eight complex diseases in up to 485,448 UK Biobank participants. Predicted ph...
Case-Control Studies Genome-Wide Association Study Genetic Predisposition to Disease Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide Multifactorial Inheritance Humans Phenotype Female Male
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Perceived social support in the daily life of people with Parkinson's disease: a distinct role and potential classifier.

Scientific reports Jul 24, 2025
Motor outcomes in Parkinson's disease (PD) have long been the primary diagnostic criteria and treatment targets. While non-motor outcomes of PD impact daily well-being, they are rarely targeted by interventions or utilized for classification. Despite...
Case-Control Studies Depression Social Support Parkinson Disease Activities of Daily Living Humans Aged Machine Learning Male Female Middle Aged Anxiety
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Lysophospholipid metabolism, clinical characteristics, and artificial intelligence-based quantitative assessments of chest CT in patients with stable COPD and healthy smokers.

Scientific reports Jul 21, 2025
The specific role of lysophospholipids (LysoPLs) in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is not yet fully understood. We determined serum LysoPLs in 20 patients with stable COPD and 20 healthy smokers using liquid chromato...
Aged Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Male Middle Aged Artificial Intelligence Biomarkers Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Lysophosphatidylcholines Case-Control Studies Lysophospholipids Smoking Smokers Humans
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A longitudinal cohort study uncovers plasma protein biomarkers predating clinical onset and treatment response of rheumatoid arthritis.

Nature communications Jul 21, 2025
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a systemic inflammatory condition posing challenges in identifying biomarkers for onset, severity and treatment responses. Here we investigate the plasma proteome in a longitudinal cohort of 278 RA patients, alongside 60 ...
Humans Machine Learning Biomarkers Female Longitudinal Studies Blood Proteins Methotrexate Antirheumatic Agents Hydroxychloroquine Leflunomide Case-Control Studies Arthritis, Rheumatoid Proteome Treatment Outcome Aged Adult Male Middle Aged
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AI-Driven segmentation and morphogeometric profiling of epicardial adipose tissue in type 2 diabetes.

Cardiovascular diabetology Jul 18, 2025
BACKGROUND: Epicardial adipose tissue (EAT) is associated with cardiometabolic risk in type 2 diabetes (T2D), but its spatial distribution and structural alterations remain understudied. We aim to develop a shape-aware, AI-based method for automated ...
Case-Control Studies Deep Learning Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Magnetic Resonance Imaging Humans Pericardium Sweden Adipose Tissue Female Epicardial Adipose Tissue Aged Predictive Value of Tests Reproducibility of Results Male Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Middle Aged Adiposity
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Machine learning and discriminant analysis model for predicting benign and malignant pulmonary nodules.

BMC medical informatics and decision making Jul 18, 2025
BACKGROUND: Pulmonary Nodules (PNs) are a trend considered as the early manifestation of lung cancer. Among them, PNs that remain stable for more than two years or whose pathological results suggest not being lung cancer are considered benign PNs (BP...
Diagnosis, Differential Discriminant Analysis Case-Control Studies Lung Neoplasms Multiple Pulmonary Nodules Solitary Pulmonary Nodule Aged Adult Male Middle Aged Humans Machine Learning Female
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EEG microstate analysis in children with prolonged disorders of consciousness.

Scientific reports Jul 18, 2025
Prolonged disorders of consciousness (pDoC) in children lack objective and effective diagnostic methods to assess consciousness states, hindering targeted treatment selection and delaying recovery. It remains unclear whether EEG microstate analysis, ...
Humans Brain Case-Control Studies Child, Preschool Child Female Male Consciousness Disorders Support Vector Machine Electroencephalography Consciousness Persistent Vegetative State
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Determination of lung cancer exhaled breath biomarkers using machine learning-a new analysis framework.

Scientific reports Jul 18, 2025
Exhaled breath samples of lung cancer patients (LC), tuberculosis (TB) patients and asymptomatic controls (C) were analyzed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). Ten volatile organic compounds (VOCs) were identified as possible biomarke...
Breath Tests Exhalation Aged Adult Biomarkers, Tumor Male Lung Neoplasms Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry Humans Machine Learning Female Middle Aged Case-Control Studies Volatile Organic Compounds
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Raised Leptin and Pappalysin2 cell-free RNAs are the hallmarks of pregnancies complicated by preeclampsia with fetal growth restriction.

Nature communications Jul 18, 2025
Preeclampsia (PE) and fetal growth restriction (FGR) complicate 5-10% of pregnancies and are major causes of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Here we demonstrate that measuring circulating cell-free RNAs (cfRNAs) from maternal plasma can a...
Case-Control Studies ROC Curve Cell-Free Nucleic Acids Proteoglycans Fetal Growth Retardation Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A Leptin Pre-Eclampsia Biomarkers Pregnancy Female Adult Humans Machine Learning
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Artificial intelligence-based diabetes risk prediction from longitudinal DXA bone measurements.

Scientific reports Jul 16, 2025
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a serious global health concern that poses a significant threat to human life. Beyond its direct impact, diabetes substantially increases the risk of developing severe complications such as hypertension, cardiovascular disea...
Male Middle Aged Female Case-Control Studies Risk Factors Humans Longitudinal Studies Diabetes Mellitus Artificial Intelligence Aged Absorptiometry, Photon Bone Density Adult Retrospective Studies
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