AIMC Topic: Case-Control Studies

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Using path signatures to predict a diagnosis of Alzheimer's disease.

PloS one Sep 19, 2019
The path signature is a means of feature generation that can encode nonlinear interactions in data in addition to the usual linear terms. It provides interpretable features and its output is a fixed length vector irrespective of the number of input p...
Disease Progression Magnetic Resonance Imaging Humans Case-Control Studies Alzheimer Disease Aged Machine Learning Neuroimaging Cognitive Dysfunction Aged, 80 and over Brain Models, Theoretical Male Female Middle Aged
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Injecting and removing suspicious features in breast imaging with CycleGAN: A pilot study of automated adversarial attacks using neural networks on small images.

European journal of radiology Sep 10, 2019
PURPOSE: To train a CycleGAN on downscaled versions of mammographic data to artificially inject or remove suspicious features, and to determine whether these AI-mediated attacks can be detected by radiologists.
Humans Neural Networks, Computer Female Radiologists Breast Neoplasms Mammography Breast Case-Control Studies Area Under Curve Pilot Projects Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ROC Curve
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Radiomics of small renal masses on multiphasic CT: accuracy of machine learning-based classification models for the differentiation of renal cell carcinoma and angiomyolipoma without visible fat.

European radiology Aug 29, 2019
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the discriminative capabilities of different machine learning-based classification models on the differentiation of small (< 4 cm) renal angiomyolipoma without visible fat (AMLwvf) and renal cell carcinoma (RCC).
Diagnosis, Differential Machine Learning Kidney Neoplasms Retrospective Studies Carcinoma, Renal Cell Tomography, X-Ray Computed Humans Angiomyolipoma Female Aged Male Middle Aged Case-Control Studies
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Alcohol outlets and firearm violence: a place-based case-control study using satellite imagery and machine learning.

Injury prevention : journal of the International Society for Child and Adolescent Injury Prevention Aug 29, 2019
INTRODUCTION: This article proposes a novel method for matching places based on visual similarity, using high-resolution satellite imagery and machine learning. This approach strengthens comparisons when the built environment is a potential confounde...
Humans Machine Learning Case-Control Studies Urban Population Residence Characteristics Alcoholic Beverages Commerce Philadelphia Firearms Violence Satellite Imagery Wounds, Gunshot
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Prediction of future gastric cancer risk using a machine learning algorithm and comprehensive medical check-up data: A case-control study.

Scientific reports Aug 27, 2019
A comprehensive screening method using machine learning and many factors (biological characteristics, Helicobacter pylori infection status, endoscopic findings and blood test results), accumulated daily as data in hospitals, could improve the accurac...
Area Under Curve Bayes Theorem Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal Aged Adult Stomach Neoplasms Humans Male Machine Learning Female Middle Aged ROC Curve Risk Factors Case-Control Studies Logistic Models Longitudinal Studies
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Machine Learning Models for Diagnosing Glaucoma from Retinal Nerve Fiber Layer Thickness Maps.

Ophthalmology. Glaucoma Aug 23, 2019
PURPOSE: To assess the diagnostic accuracy of multiple machine learning models using full retinal nerve fiber layer (RNFL) thickness maps in detecting glaucoma.
Visual Fields Tomography, Optical Coherence Nerve Fibers Optic Disk Retinal Ganglion Cells Humans Glaucoma Machine Learning Female Aged Intraocular Pressure Male Case-Control Studies
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Functional connectivity-based classification of autism and control using SVM-RFECV on rs-fMRI data.

Physica medica : PM : an international journal devoted to the applications of physics to medicine and biology : official journal of the Italian Association of Biomedical Physics (AIFB) Aug 22, 2019
Considering the unsatisfactory classification accuracy of autism due to unsuitable features selected in current studies, a functional connectivity (FC)-based algorithm for classifying autism and control using support vector machine-recursive feature ...
Case-Control Studies Adolescent Child Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Support Vector Machine Magnetic Resonance Imaging Autistic Disorder Female Young Adult Adult Male Humans
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Machine-learning algorithms to identify key biosecurity practices and factors associated with breeding herds reporting PRRS outbreak.

Preventive veterinary medicine Aug 20, 2019
Investments in biosecurity practices are made by producers to reduce the likelihood of introducing pathogens such as porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSv). The assessment of biosecurity practices in breeding herds is usually don...
Swine Animal Husbandry Case-Control Studies United States Algorithms Risk Factors Animals Disease Outbreaks Breeding Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus Machine Learning
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Automated detection of altered mental status in emergency department clinical notes: a deep learning approach.

BMC medical informatics and decision making Aug 19, 2019
BACKGROUND: Machine learning has been used extensively in clinical text classification tasks. Deep learning approaches using word embeddings have been recently gaining momentum in biomedical applications. In an effort to automate the identification o...
Adult Sensitivity and Specificity Male Case-Control Studies Neural Networks, Computer Mental Disorders Electronic Health Records Female Deep Learning Decision Support Systems, Clinical Emergency Service, Hospital International Classification of Diseases Humans
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Discriminating schizophrenia using recurrent neural network applied on time courses of multi-site FMRI data.

EBioMedicine Aug 13, 2019
BACKGROUND: Current fMRI-based classification approaches mostly use functional connectivity or spatial maps as input, instead of exploring the dynamic time courses directly, which does not leverage the full temporal information.
Humans Neural Networks, Computer Brain Young Adult Adult Magnetic Resonance Imaging Data Interpretation, Statistical Schizophrenia Schizophrenic Psychology Middle Aged Case-Control Studies Adolescent ROC Curve
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