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Threshold optimization in AI chest radiography analysis: integrating real-world data and clinical subgroups.

European radiology experimental
BACKGROUND: Manufacturer-defined AI thresholds for chest x-ray (CXR) often lack customization options. Threshold optimization strategies utilizing users' clinical real-world data along with pathology-enriched validation data may better address subgro...

Comparative analysis of AI and expert evaluations in engineering design pedagogy.

PloS one
BACKGROUND: Integrating engineering design processes into science education has become a significant priority in STEM instruction. However, many science teachers face difficulties incorporating these processes due to limited pedagogical expertise. Ge...

Prediction of polycystic ovary syndrome using machine learning with SFS and Boruta feature selection: an explainable AI approach.

Systems biology in reproductive medicine
Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex endocrine disorder affecting numerous women of reproductive age, characterized by a variety of clinical and biochemical features. Accurate classification and diagnosis of PCOS remains challenging due to t...

E2-regulated transcriptome complexity revealed by long-read direct RNA sequencing: from isoform discovery to truncated proteins.

RNA biology
Oestrogen receptor alpha (ERα)-positive (ER+) breast cancers are driven by the binding of 17β-oestradiol (E2) to ERα, which transcriptionally regulates target genes. Although microarrays and conventional RNA sequencing have identified E2 target genes...

Association between fat-to-muscle ratio and secondary osteoporosis in rheumatoid arthritis: a cross-sectional study at a tertiary hospital in China.

BMJ open
OBJECTIVES: To investigate the correlation between fat-to-muscle ratio (FMR) or other body composition and secondary osteoporosis (OP) in patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA) and to develop a predictive model using FMR and related clinical factors...

Discovery of Novel 4,5-Dihydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrazol-6()-one-Based Tubulin Inhibitors Targeting Colchicine Binding Site with Potent Anti-Ovarian Cancer Activity.

Journal of medicinal chemistry
To address the toxicity of current microtubule inhibitors, we employed the GeminiMol deep learning model to screen the Zinc20 database, identifying a novel 4,5-dihydropyrrolo[3,4-]pyrazol-6(2)-one scaffold () targeting the colchicine binding site. Su...

Synthetizing SWI from 3T to 7T by generative diffusion network for deep medullary veins visualization.

NeuroImage
Ultrahigh-field susceptibility-weighted imaging (SWI) provides excellent tissue contrast and anatomical details of brain. However, ultrahigh-field magnetic resonance (MR) scanner often expensive and provides uncomfortable noise experience for patient...

MRI annotation using an inversion-based preprocessing for CT model adaptation.

European radiology experimental
BACKGROUND: Annotating new classes in MRI images is time-consuming. Refining presegmented structures can accelerate this process. Many target classes lacking in MRI are supported by computed tomography (CT) models, but translating MRI to synthetic CT...

Perception of Medical Undergraduates on Artificial Intelligence in Medical Education: Qualitative Exploration.

JMIR medical education
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) has revolutionized medical education by delivering tools that enhance and optimize learning. However, there is limited research on the medical students' perceptions regarding the effectiveness of AI as a learn...

Knowledge and Perceptions of AI Among Medical Students in Morocco: Cross-Sectional Study.

JMIR formative research
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly transforming medical practice by enhancing diagnostic accuracy, streamlining workflows, and supporting clinical decision-making. However, the integration of AI into health care largely depends on th...