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Application of causal forests to randomised controlled trial data to identify heterogeneous treatment effects: a case study.

BMC medical research methodology Feb 22, 2025
BACKGROUND: Classical approaches to subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to identify heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) involve testing the interaction between each pre-specified possible treatment effect modifier and the trea...
Humans Treatment Effect Heterogeneity Treatment Outcome Machine Learning Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Norepinephrine Potassium Female Male Shock, Septic
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Feasibility study of texture-based machine learning approach for early detection of neonatal jaundice.

Scientific reports Feb 22, 2025
Untreated neonatal jaundice can have severe consequences. Effective screening for neonatal jaundice can prevent long-term complications in infants. Non-invasive approaches may be beneficial in settings with limited resources. This feasibility study e...
Bilirubin Neonatal Screening Jaundice, Neonatal Support Vector Machine Feasibility Studies Female Early Diagnosis Infant, Newborn Male Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Humans Machine Learning
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Fast, smart, and adaptive: using machine learning to optimize mental health assessment and monitor change over time.

Scientific reports Feb 22, 2025
In mental health, accurate symptom assessment and precise measurement of patient conditions are crucial for clinical decision-making and effective treatment planning. Traditional assessment methods can be burdensome, especially for vulnerable populat...
Machine Learning Female Young Adult Adult Mental Health Male Middle Aged Humans Anxiety Depression
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Improving Malaria diagnosis through interpretable customized CNNs architectures.

Scientific reports Feb 22, 2025
Malaria, which is spread via female Anopheles mosquitoes and is brought on by the Plasmodium parasite, persists as a serious illness, especially in areas with a high mosquito density. Traditional detection techniques, like examining blood samples wit...
ROC Curve Malaria Plasmodium Anopheles Neural Networks, Computer Humans Algorithms Female Animals
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A hybrid inception-dilated-ResNet architecture for deep learning-based prediction of COVID-19 severity.

Scientific reports Feb 22, 2025
Chest computed tomography (CT) scans are essential for accurately assessing the severity of the novel Coronavirus (COVID-19), facilitating appropriate therapeutic interventions and monitoring disease progression. However, determining COVID-19 severit...
Lung Female Severity of Illness Index SARS-CoV-2 Deep Learning Male Humans Neural Networks, Computer COVID-19 Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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Machine learning-based prediction of post-induction hypotension: identifying risk factors and enhancing anesthesia management.

BMC medical informatics and decision making Feb 22, 2025
BACKGROUND: Post-induction hypotension (PIH) increases surgical complications including myocardial injury, acute kidney injury, delirium, stroke, prolonged hospitalization, and endangerment of the patient's life. Machine learning is an effective tool...
Hypotension Anesthesia Machine Learning Female Risk Factors Aged Adult Male Middle Aged Humans
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Machine learning based on nutritional assessment to predict adverse events in older inpatients with possible sarcopenia.

Aging clinical and experimental research Feb 22, 2025
BACKGROUND: The accuracy of current tools for predicting adverse events in older inpatients with possible sarcopenia is still insufficient to develop individualized nutrition-related management strategies. The objectives were to develop a machine lea...
Machine Learning Retrospective Studies Female Aged Humans Hospital Mortality ROC Curve Sarcopenia Inpatients Aged, 80 and over Male Nutrition Assessment China Geriatric Assessment
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Artificial intelligence assessment of tissue-dissection efficiency in laparoscopic colorectal surgery.

Langenbeck's archives of surgery Feb 22, 2025
PURPOSE: Several surgical-skill assessment tools emphasize the importance of efficient tissue-dissection, whose assessment relies on human judgment and is thus subject to bias. Automated assessment may help solve this problem. This study aimed to ver...
Feasibility Studies Japan Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Clinical Competence Operative Time Laparoscopy Dissection Retrospective Studies Female Aged Colorectal Neoplasms Humans Artificial Intelligence
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Biophysical versus machine learning models for predicting rectal and skin temperatures in older adults.

Journal of thermal biology Feb 22, 2025
This study compares the efficacy of machine learning models to traditional biophysical models in predicting rectal (T) and skin (T) temperatures of older adults (≥60 years) during prolonged heat exposure. Five machine learning models were trained on ...
Rectum Hot Temperature Aged Humans Models, Biological Aged, 80 and over Skin Temperature Body Temperature Machine Learning Male Female Middle Aged
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Neurobiologically interpretable causal connectome for predicting young adult depression: A graph neural network study.

Journal of affective disorders Feb 21, 2025
BACKGROUND: There is a surprising lack of neuroimaging studies of depression that not only identify the whole brain causal connectivity features but also explore whether these features have neurobiological correlates.
Brain Female Young Adult Adult Humans Positron-Emission Tomography Connectome Nerve Net Graph Neural Networks Male Depression Adolescent Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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