AIMC Topic: Humans
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A comparative analysis of heterogeneity in lung cancer screening effectiveness in two randomised controlled trials.
Nature communications
Aug 28, 2025
Clinical trials demonstrate that screening can reduce lung cancer mortality by over 20%. However, lung cancer screening effectiveness (reduction in lung cancer specific mortality) may vary by personal risk-factors. Here we evaluate heterogeneity in l...
ROC Analysis of Biomarker Combinations in Fragile X Syndrome-Specific Clinical Trials: Evaluating Treatment Efficacy via Exploratory Biomarkers.
Translational psychiatry
Aug 28, 2025
Fragile X Syndrome (FXS) is a rare neurodevelopmental disorder caused by a trinucleotide repeat expansion on the 5' untranslated region of the FMR1 gene. FXS is characterized by intellectual disability, anxiety, sensory hypersensitivity, and difficul...
Foundation models in ophthalmology: a preliminary study on AI-assisted diagnosis of myopic maculopathy and posterior staphyloma using ultra-widefield fundus images.
BMJ open ophthalmology
Aug 28, 2025
OBJECTIVES: This study aims to detect characteristic fundus changes in pathological myopia using deep learning (DL)-based analysis of ultra-widefield (UWF) fundus imaging.
Understanding non-traditional caregivers: protocol for a scoping review of caregiver definitions, caregiver networks and outcome measures.
BMJ open
Aug 28, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Dementia caregiving is typically provided through a network of multiple individuals, particularly in diverse populations. Although family members of people living with Alzheimer's disease and Alzheimer's disease-related dementias, espec...
Evaluating the Feasibility of a Dyadic, Touch-Based Multimedia Tablet Intervention and Its Effects on the Caregiver-Patient Relationship Among Individuals With Mild Cognitive Impairment: Qualitative Triangulation Study.
JMIR aging
Aug 28, 2025
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20% of the global population is affected by mild cognitive impairment (MCI), with around 15% progressing to dementia within 2 years. Touch-based multimedia applications can support cognitive, social, and physical functioning...
Machine learning-based penetrance of genetic variants.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Aug 28, 2025
Accurate variant penetrance estimation is crucial for precision medicine. We constructed machine learning (ML) models for 10 diseases using 1,347,298 participants with electronic health records, then applied them to an independent cohort with linked ...
AI hypotheses lag human ones when put to the test.
Science (New York, N.Y.)
Aug 28, 2025
Machines still face hurdles in identifying fresh research paths, study suggests.
A data-intensive framework for evaluating ecological and human health impacts of soil potentially toxic elements (PTEs) in the mining-endemic region of Singida, Tanzania.
Environmental geochemistry and health
Aug 28, 2025
Uncontrolled soil contamination by potentially toxic elements (PTEs) poses serious threats to environmental and public health in mining-intensive regions. Against this background, this study assessed the distribution, sources, ecological impact, and ...
Exploring the role of oxidative stress in retinal vein occlusion: an updated and comprehensive review on the pathophysiology and treatment perspectives.
International ophthalmology
Aug 28, 2025
INTRODUCTION: Retinal vein occlusion (RVO) represents a prevalent cause of vision impairment within retinal vascular diseases. Although hypoperfusion and inflammation are recognized pathogenic contributors, emerging evidence highlights oxidative stre...
Human gut microbiota-derived antimicrobials against Salmonella Typhi: diversity, mechanisms, and therapeutic potential.
Archives of microbiology
Aug 28, 2025
Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi (S. Typhi) is a strictly human-restricted Gram-negative pathogen and the causative agent of typhoid fever, a major global health concern. Current treatment relies heavily on antibiotics, however, the rapid emergence ...
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