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Automatic segmentation of white matter lesions on multi-parametric MRI: convolutional neural network versus vision transformer.

BMC neurology
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: White matter hyperintensities in brain MRI are key indicators of various neurological conditions, and their accurate segmentation is essential for assessing disease progression. This study aims to evaluate the performance of a...

Machine learning based identification of an amino acid metabolism related signature for predicting prognosis and immune microenvironment in pancreatic cancer.

BMC cancer
BACKGROUND: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive neoplasm characterized by poor diagnosis. Amino acids play a prominent role in the occurrence and progression of pancreatic cancer as essential building blocks for protein synthesis and key regulat...

Assessment of choroidal vessels in healthy eyes using 3-dimensional vascular maps and a semi-automated deep learning approach.

Scientific reports
To assess the choroidal vessels in healthy eyes using a novel three-dimensional (3D) deep learning approach. In this cross-sectional retrospective study, swept-source OCT 6 × 6 mm scans on Plex Elite 9000 device were obtained. Automated segmentation ...

Computer-aided diagnosis of hepatic cystic echinococcosis based on deep transfer learning features from ultrasound images.

Scientific reports
Hepatic cystic echinococcosis (HCE), a life-threatening liver disease, has 5 subtypes, i.e., single-cystic, polycystic, internal capsule collapse, solid mass, and calcified subtypes. And each subtype has different treatment methods. An accurate diagn...

Common biomarkers of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis and systemic sclerosis based on WGCNA and machine learning.

Scientific reports
Interstitial lung disease (ILD) is known to be a major complication of systemic sclerosis (SSc) and a leading cause of death in SSc patients. As the most common type of ILD, the pathogenesis of idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) has not been fully e...

Transcriptomic profiling and machine learning reveal novel RNA signatures for enhanced molecular characterization of Hashimoto's thyroiditis.

Scientific reports
While ultrasonography effectively diagnoses Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT), exploring its transcriptomic landscape could reveal valuable insights into disease mechanisms. This study aimed to identify HT-associated RNA signatures and investigate their p...

Major Adverse Kidney Events in Hospitalized Older Patients With Acute Kidney Injury: Machine Learning-Based Model Development and Validation Study.

Journal of medical Internet research
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a common complication in hospitalized older patients, associated with increased morbidity, mortality, and health care costs. Major adverse kidney events within 30 days (MAKE30), a composite of death, new renal...

Machine learning-assisted construction of COPD self-evaluation questionnaire (COPD-EQ): a national multicentre study in China.

Journal of global health
BACKGROUND: Approximately 70% of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is underdiagnosed worldwide. We aimed to develop and validate a COPD self-evaluation questionnaire (COPD-EQ) that is better suited for COPD screening in China.

Explainable Machine Learning to Predict Treatment Response in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of various cancers. Single-drug ICI therapy (immuno-oncology [IO] monotherapy) that targets PD-L1 is the standard of care in patients with advanced non-small cell...