AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Contrast enhancement is a prognostic factor in IDH1/2 mutant, but not in wild-type WHO grade II/III glioma as confirmed by machine learning.

European journal of cancer (Oxford, England : 1990) Dec 7, 2018
BACKGROUND: Mutation of the isocitrate dehydrogenase (IDH) gene and co-deletion on chromosome 1p/19q is becoming increasingly relevant for the evaluation of clinical outcome in glioma. Among the imaging parameters, contrast enhancement (CE) in WHO II...
Prognosis Retrospective Studies Female Survival Rate Brain Neoplasms Humans Machine Learning Radiographic Image Enhancement Contrast Media Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mutation World Health Organization Isocitrate Dehydrogenase Male Middle Aged Glioma Follow-Up Studies
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Validation of Prediction Models for Critical Care Outcomes Using Natural Language Processing of Electronic Health Record Data.

JAMA network open Dec 7, 2018
IMPORTANCE: Accurate prediction of outcomes among patients in intensive care units (ICUs) is important for clinical research and monitoring care quality. Most existing prediction models do not take full advantage of the electronic health record, usin...
Electronic Health Records Female Reproducibility of Results Aged Aged, 80 and over Adult Male Middle Aged Severity of Illness Index Humans Retrospective Studies Models, Statistical Critical Illness Intensive Care Units Natural Language Processing Critical Care Outcomes
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Coronary CT angiography-derived plaque quantification with artificial intelligence CT fractional flow reserve for the identification of lesion-specific ischemia.

European radiology Dec 6, 2018
OBJECTIVES: We sought to investigate the diagnostic performance of coronary CT angiography (cCTA)-derived plaque markers combined with deep machine learning-based fractional flow reserve (CT-FFR) to identify lesion-specific ischemia using invasive FF...
Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted ROC Curve Coronary Angiography Plaque, Atherosclerotic Computed Tomography Angiography Retrospective Studies Female Male Middle Aged Coronary Stenosis Fractional Flow Reserve, Myocardial Humans Machine Learning
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Vertebral body insufficiency fractures: detection of vertebrae at risk on standard CT images using texture analysis and machine learning.

European radiology Dec 5, 2018
PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of bone texture analysis (TA) combined with machine learning (ML) algorithms in standard CT scans to identify patients with vertebrae at risk for insufficiency fractures.
Humans Machine Learning Bone Density Thoracic Vertebrae Retrospective Studies Lumbar Vertebrae Tomography, X-Ray Computed Spinal Fractures Female Fractures, Stress Aged Aged, 80 and over Male Middle Aged Case-Control Studies ROC Curve
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Disease Trajectories and End-of-Life Care for Dementias: Latent Topic Modeling and Trend Analysis Using Clinical Notes.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium Dec 5, 2018
Despite the increasing prevalence, growing costs, and high mortality of dementia in older adults in the U.S., little is known about the course of these diseases and what care dementia patients receive in their final years of life. Using a large volum...
Models, Theoretical Humans Unsupervised Machine Learning Aged Retrospective Studies Terminal Care Aged, 80 and over Electronic Health Records Data Collection Male Female Dementia
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Improving Sepsis Treatment Strategies by Combining Deep and Kernel-Based Reinforcement Learning.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium Dec 5, 2018
Sepsis is the leading cause of mortality in the ICU. It is challenging to manage because individual patients respond differently to treatment. Thus, tailoring treatment to the individual patient is essential for the best outcomes. In this paper, we t...
Infusions, Intravenous Fluid Therapy Humans Vasoconstrictor Agents Observation Machine Learning Medical History Taking Retrospective Studies Intensive Care Units Deep Learning Sepsis
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Scalable Electronic Phenotyping For Studying Patient Comorbidities.

AMIA ... Annual Symposium proceedings. AMIA Symposium Dec 5, 2018
Over 75 million Americans have multiple concurrent chronic conditions and medical decision making for these patients is mostly based on retrospective cohort studies. Current methods to generate cohorts of patients with comorbidities are neither scala...
Chronic Disease Humans Myocardial Infarction Retrospective Studies Supervised Machine Learning Comorbidity International Classification of Diseases Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 Logistic Models
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Improving the calling of non-invasive prenatal testing on 13-/18-/21-trisomy by support vector machine discrimination.

PloS one Dec 5, 2018
With the advance of next-generation sequencing (NGS) technologies, non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT) has been developed and employed in fetal aneuploidy screening on 13-/18-/21-trisomies through detecting cell-free fetal DNA (cffDNA) in maternal b...
High-Throughput Nucleotide Sequencing Down Syndrome False Negative Reactions False Positive Reactions Prenatal Diagnosis Trisomy 13 Syndrome Trisomy 18 Syndrome Support Vector Machine Sequence Analysis, DNA Diagnosis, Differential Genetic Testing Female Young Adult Adult Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Humans Machine Learning Retrospective Studies Pregnancy
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Predicting posterior urethral obstruction in boys with lower urinary tract symptoms using deep artificial neural network.

World journal of urology Dec 4, 2018
PURPOSE: To assess the prediction model for late-presenting posterior urethral valve (PUV) in boys with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) using artificial neural network (ANN).
Humans Child, Preschool Child Predictive Value of Tests Lower Urinary Tract Symptoms Urethral Obstruction Neural Networks, Computer Retrospective Studies Male Adolescent
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Defining Massive Transfusion in Civilian Pediatric Trauma With Traumatic Brain Injury.

The Journal of surgical research Dec 4, 2018
The purpose of this study was to identify an optimal definition of massive transfusion in civilian pediatric trauma with severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) METHODS: Severely injured children (age ≤18 y) with severe TBI in the Trauma Quality Improvem...
Patient Selection Humans Survival Analysis Retrospective Studies Hemorrhage Female Child Risk Assessment Injury Severity Score Sensitivity and Specificity Blood Transfusion Adolescent Male Brain Injuries, Traumatic Time Factors Predictive Value of Tests Child, Preschool Registries
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