AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Chronic Pain Prevalence, Opioid Use, and Primary Care Provider Opioid Prescription Patterns in the U.S. from 2017 to 2019 Derived from Medicaid Claims Data.

Studies in health technology and informatics
Chronic non-cancer pain (CNCP) is a major health concern in the United States, incurring substantial healthcare costs and frequently requiring opioid therapy in primary care. This retrospective cross-sectional study used Medicaid claims data from six...

Algorithmic Fairness in Machine Learning Prediction of Autism Using Electronic Health Records.

Studies in health technology and informatics
Efforts to improve early diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in children are beginning to use machine learning (ML) approaches applied to real-world clinical datasets, such as electronic health records (EHRs). However, sex-based disparities i...

Development and Validation of Machine-Learning Algorithms to Predict the Onset of Depression Using Electronic Health Record Data: A Prognostic Modeling Study.

Studies in health technology and informatics
INTRODUCTION: Early detection and intervention are crucial for reducing the impacts of depression and associated healthcare costs. Few studies have used electronic health records (EHR) and machine learning (ML) with a longitudinal design to predict d...

Development of Multivariable Prediction Models for 30-Day Risk of Readmission After COPD Hospital Admission: A Retrospective Cohort Study Using Electronic Medical Record Data from 7 Hospitals.

Studies in health technology and informatics
BACKGROUND: Approximately 20% of patients who are discharged from hospital for an acute exacerbation of COPD (AECOPD) are readmitted within 30 days. Prediction scores are helpful to identify those who are at higher risk of readmission, such that they...

Predicting Antidepressant Deprescription with Machine Learning Using Administrative Data.

Studies in health technology and informatics
The high prevalence of failed antidepressant deprescription attempts makes it difficult for clinicians to identify suitable candidates for discontinuation. In this study, we use the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) dataset, which contains rich lo...

Predicting p53 Status in IDH-Mutant Gliomas Using MRI-Based Radiomic Model.

Cancer medicine
OBJECTIVES: Accurate and noninvasive detection of p53 status in isocitrate dehydrogenase mutant (IDH-mt) glioma is clinically meaningful for molecular stratification of glioma, yet it remains challenging. We aimed to investigate the diagnostic effica...

Machine Learning Model for Predicting Pathological Invasiveness of Pulmonary Ground-Glass Nodules Based on AI-Extracted Radiomic Features.

Thoracic cancer
BACKGROUND: With the widespread adoption of low-dose CT screening, the detection of pulmonary ground-glass nodules (GGNs) has risen markedly, presenting diagnostic challenges in distinguishing preinvasive lesions from invasive adenocarcinomas (IAC). ...

Diagnostic Machine Learning Models of Infectious Mononucleosis in Children Based on Clinical Data: A Retrospective Multicenter Study.

Journal of medical virology
The clinical manifestations of infectious mononucleosis (IM) and acute respiratory tract infections (ARTI) exhibit significant similarities. We aim to develop cost-efficient models for IM in children utilizing the Shapley Additive explanation (SHAP) ...

Developing an Explainable Prognostic Model for Acute Ischemic Stroke: Combining Clinical and Inflammatory Biomarkers With Machine Learning.

Brain and behavior
BACKGROUND: Predicting the prognosis of patients with acute cerebral infarction (ACI) is crucial for clinical decision-making and personalized treatment. However, existing models often lack the comprehensive integration of clinical and biological ind...

Effect of Deep Learning-Based Artificial Intelligence on Radiologists' Performance in Identifying Nigrosome 1 Abnormalities on Susceptibility Map-Weighted Imaging.

Korean journal of radiology
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the effect of deep learning (DL)-based artificial intelligence (AI) software on the diagnostic performance of radiologists with different experience levels in detecting nigrosome 1 (N1) abnormalities on susceptibility map-weigh...