AIMC Topic: Retrospective Studies

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Application of Quantitative CT and Machine Learning in the Evaluation and Diagnosis of Polymyositis/Dermatomyositis-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.

Academic radiology
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: To investigate lung changes in patients with polymyositis/dermatomyositis-associated interstitial lung disease (PM/DM-ILD) using quantitative CT and to construct a diagnostic model to evaluate the application of quantitative...

Diagnosis of thyroid cartilage invasion by laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers based on CT with deep learning.

European journal of radiology
OBJECTIVES: To develop a convolutional neural network (CNN) model to diagnose thyroid cartilage invasion by laryngeal and hypopharyngeal cancers observed on computed tomography (CT) images and evaluate the model's diagnostic performance.

Prediction of operation time in percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) patients: A machine learning approach.

Urologia
PURPOSE: To investigate the factors influencing the length of percutaneous nephrolithotomy (PCNL) procedures and identify predictive variables for operation time using machine learning models.

Causal insights from clinical information in radiology: Enhancing future multimodal AI development.

Computer methods and programs in biomedicine
PURPOSE: This study investigates the causal mechanisms underlying radiology report generation by analyzing how clinical information and prior imaging examinations contribute to annotation shifts. We systematically estimate why and how biases manifest...

Development and Validation of Ultrasound Hemodynamic-based Prediction Models for Acute Kidney Injury After Renal Transplantation.

Academic radiology
RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: Acute kidney injury (AKI) post-renal transplantation often has a poor prognosis. This study aimed to identify patients with elevated risks of AKI after kidney transplantation.

RIPTOSO: The development of a screening tool for adverse events during forensic-psychiatric inpatient treatments of offenders with schizophrenia spectrum disorders.

Psychiatry research
Adverse events such as compulsory measures, absconding, illicit substance use, self-harm, aggressive behavior, and prolonged hospitalization pose significant challenges in forensic psychiatric inpatient care. This study introduces a machine learning-...

Development and Validation of a Machine Learning-Based Predictive Model for Postoperative Frailty in Patients with Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer and Its Relation to Early Recovery.

Annals of surgical oncology
PURPOSE: This study was designed to evaluate the postoperative frailty status of patients with non-small cell lung cancer, identify influencing factors, establish a machine learning-based prediction model, and explore the correlation between frailty ...

ChatGPT-4 vs. multi-disciplinary tumor board decisions for the therapeutic management of primary laryngeal cancer.

Acta oto-laryngologica
BACKGROUND: Artificial intelligence-based clinical decision support systems are promising tools for addressing the increasing complexity of oncological data and treatment. However, the integration and validation of models such as ChatGPT within multi...

Neural Network-based Automated Classification of 18 F-FDG PET/CT Lesions and Prognosis Prediction in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Without Distant Metastasis.

Clinical nuclear medicine
PURPOSE: To evaluate the diagnostic performance of the PET Assisted Reporting System (PARS) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients without distant metastasis, and to investigate the prognostic significance of the metabolic parameters.

Intra- and Peritumoral Radiomics Based on Ultrasound Images for Preoperative Differentiation of Follicular Thyroid Adenoma, Carcinoma, and Follicular Tumor With Uncertain Malignant Potential.

Ultrasound in medicine & biology
OBJECTIVE: Differentiating between follicular thyroid adenoma (FTA), carcinoma (FTC), and follicular tumor with uncertain malignant potential (FT-UMP) remains challenging due to their overlapping ultrasound characteristics. This retrospective study a...