The aim of dose calculation algorithm research is to improve the calculation accuracy while maximizing the calculation efficiency. In this study, the three-dimensional distribution of total energy release per unit mass (TERMA) and the electron densit...
Serotonin plays a central role in cognition and is the target of most pharmaceuticals for psychiatric disorders. Existing drugs have limited efficacy; creation of improved versions will require better understanding of serotonergic circuitry, which ha...
The visual cortex of the mouse brain can be divided into ten or more areas that each contain complete or partial retinotopic maps of the contralateral visual field. It is generally assumed that these areas represent discrete processing regions. In co...
Nonlinear dynamics of spiking neural networks have recently attracted much interest as an approach to understand possible information processing in the brain and apply it to artificial intelligence. Since information can be processed by collective sp...
BACKGROUND: Any Monte Carlo simulation of dose delivery using medical accelerator-generated megavolt photon beams begins by simulating electrons of the primary electron beam interacting with a target. Because the electron beam characteristics of any ...
A reconfigurable biosensor with different spectral sensitivities could provide new opportunities to increase the label-free selectivity and sensitivity for biomolecules. Here, we propose and numerically demonstrate a phase change chalcogenide materia...
Artificial synaptic platforms are promising for next-generation semiconductor computing devices; however, state-of-the-art optoelectronic approaches remain challenging, owing to their unstable charge trap states and limited integration. We demonstrat...
PET scanners based on monolithic pieces of scintillator can potentially produce superior performance characteristics (high spatial resolution and detection sensitivity, for example) compared to conventional PET scanners. Consequently, we initiated de...
In the last years, materializations of neuromorphic circuits based on nanophotonic arrangements have been proposed, which contain complete optical circuits, laser, photodetectors, photonic crystals, optical fibers, flat waveguides and other passive o...
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the image quality (IQ) and performance of an artificial intelligence (AI)-based computer-aided detection (CAD) system in photon-counting detector computed tomography (PCD-CT) for pulmonary nodule evalu...