AIMC Topic: Treatment Outcome

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Inductive reasoning with large language models: A simulated randomized controlled trial for epilepsy.

Epilepsy research Feb 24, 2025
INTRODUCTION: To investigate the potential of using artificial intelligence (AI), specifically large language models (LLMs), for synthesizing information in a simulated randomized clinical trial (RCT) for an anti-seizure medication, cenobamate, demon...
Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Large Language Models Computer Simulation Adult Language Male Epilepsy Female Middle Aged Seizures Treatment Outcome Anticonvulsants Humans Artificial Intelligence
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[MP-MRI in the evaluation of non-operative treatment response, for residual and recurrent tumor detection in head and neck cancer].

Magyar onkologia Feb 23, 2025
As non-surgical therapies gain acceptance in head and neck tumors, the importance of imaging has increased. New therapeutic methods (in radiation therapy, targeted biological therapy, immunotherapy) need better tumor characterization and prognostic i...
Humans Neoplasm Staging Treatment Outcome Neoplasm, Residual Neoplasm Recurrence, Local Head and Neck Neoplasms Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging Contrast Media Multiparametric Magnetic Resonance Imaging Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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Application of causal forests to randomised controlled trial data to identify heterogeneous treatment effects: a case study.

BMC medical research methodology Feb 22, 2025
BACKGROUND: Classical approaches to subgroup analysis in randomised controlled trials (RCTs) to identify heterogeneous treatment effects (HTEs) involve testing the interaction between each pre-specified possible treatment effect modifier and the trea...
Male Shock, Septic Treatment Outcome Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Treatment Effect Heterogeneity Norepinephrine Potassium Humans Machine Learning Female
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Machine Learning in Intravascular Ultrasound: Validating Automated Lesion Assessment for Complex Coronary Interventions.

Catheterization and cardiovascular interventions : official journal of the Society for Cardiac Angiography & Interventions Feb 21, 2025
BACKGROUND: Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is essential for assessing complex coronary lesions, but remains underutilized in part due to difficulties in image interpretation. The AVVIGO IVUS Automated Lesion Assessment (ALA) software, which uses mac...
Observer Variation Automation Coronary Vessels Severity of Illness Index Treatment Outcome Predictive Value of Tests Ultrasonography, Interventional Prosthesis Design Stents Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Reproducibility of Results Percutaneous Coronary Intervention Aged Coronary Artery Disease Humans Male Machine Learning Middle Aged Retrospective Studies Female
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An Integrative Machine Learning Model for Predicting Early Safety Outcomes in Patients Undergoing Transcatheter Aortic Valve Implantation.

Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) Feb 21, 2025
: Early safety outcomes following transcatheter aortic valve implantation (TAVI) for severe aortic stenosis are critical for patient prognosis. Accurate prediction of adverse events can enhance patient management and improve outcomes. : This study ai...
Humans Postoperative Complications Female Machine Learning Treatment Outcome Aged Prognosis Aortic Valve Stenosis Aged, 80 and over Retrospective Studies Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement Male
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Plasma Cytokine and Chemokine Profiles Predict Efficacy and Toxicity of Anti-CD19 CAR-T Cell Therapy in Large B-Cell Lymphoma.

Clinical lymphoma, myeloma & leukemia Feb 20, 2025
BACKGROUND: Anti-CD19 chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy has emerged as a promising treatment for large B-cell lymphoma (LBCL); however, durable complete responses are achieved in only 30% to 40% of patients. Additionally, CAR-T therapy...
Treatment Outcome Chemokines Immunotherapy, Adoptive Antigens, CD19 Receptors, Chimeric Antigen Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse Male Middle Aged Female Humans Aged Cytokines Adult
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Robotic beds for the treatment of positional obstructive sleep apnea - A randomized cross-over pilot trial.

Sleep medicine Feb 20, 2025
BACKGROUND: Interventions leading to avoidance of supine position and thus reducing the likelihood of upper airway collapse during sleep are a treatment approach for positional obstructive sleep apnea (POSA). The aim of this randomized cross-over tri...
Beds Cross-Over Studies Patient Positioning Supine Position Polysomnography Pilot Projects Treatment Outcome Humans Posture Male Robotics Middle Aged Sleep Apnea, Obstructive
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Use of a Convolutional Neural Network to Predict the Response of Diabetic Macular Edema to Intravitreal Anti-VEGF Treatment: A Pilot Study.

American journal of ophthalmology Feb 20, 2025
PURPOSE: To utilize a convolutional neural network (CNN) to predict the response of treatment-naïve diabetic macular edema (DME) to a single injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) with data from optical coherence tomography ...
Humans Diabetic Retinopathy Treatment Outcome Follow-Up Studies Visual Acuity Tomography, Optical Coherence Intravitreal Injections Ranibizumab Macular Edema Male Bevacizumab Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A Convolutional Neural Networks Neural Networks, Computer Middle Aged Pilot Projects Retrospective Studies Angiogenesis Inhibitors Female Aged
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Predicting Treatment Response of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation in Major Depressive Disorder Using an Explainable Machine Learning Model Based on Electroencephalography and Clinical Features.

Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging Feb 18, 2025
Major depressive disorder (MDD) is highly heterogeneous in response to repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), and identifying predictive biomarkers is essential for personalized treatment. However, most prior research studies have used ...
Treatment Outcome Adult Support Vector Machine Male Humans Middle Aged Electroencephalography Machine Learning Depressive Disorder, Major Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation Female
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Clinical efficacy of NIBS in enhancing neuroplasticity for stroke recovery.

Journal of neuroscience methods Feb 18, 2025
BACKGROUND: For stroke patients, a therapeutic approach named Non-invasive brain stimulation (NIBS) was applied and it has gained attention. This NIBS approach enhances the neuroplasticity and facilitates in functional Stroke Rehabilitation (SR) thro...
Machine Learning Brain Female Aged Humans Neuronal Plasticity Recovery of Function Stroke Stroke Rehabilitation Transcranial Direct Current Stimulation Adult Male Middle Aged Treatment Outcome Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation
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