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Cerebral Cortex

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Familiarity Detection is an Intrinsic Property of Cortical Microcircuits with Bidirectional Synaptic Plasticity.

eNeuro
Humans instantly recognize a previously seen face as "familiar." To deepen our understanding of familiarity-novelty detection, we simulated biologically plausible neural network models of generic cortical microcircuits consisting of spiking neurons w...

Multistability of the Brain Network for Self-other Processing.

Scientific reports
Early fMRI studies suggested that brain areas processing self-related and other-related information were highly overlapping. Hypothesising functional localisation of the cortex, researchers have tried to locate "self-specific" and "other-specific" re...

A mechanism for the cortical computation of hierarchical linguistic structure.

PLoS biology
Biological systems often detect species-specific signals in the environment. In humans, speech and language are species-specific signals of fundamental biological importance. To detect the linguistic signal, human brains must form hierarchical repres...

Association between abnormal brain functional connectivity in children and psychopathology: A study based on graph theory and machine learning.

The world journal of biological psychiatry : the official journal of the World Federation of Societies of Biological Psychiatry
OBJECTIVES: One of the major challenges facing psychiatry is how to incorporate biological measures in the classification of mental health disorders. Many of these disorders affect brain development and its connectivity. In this study, we propose a n...

TED: A Tolerant Edit Distance for segmentation evaluation.

Methods (San Diego, Calif.)
In this paper, we present a novel error measure to compare a computer-generated segmentation of images or volumes against ground truth. This measure, which we call Tolerant Edit Distance (TED), is motivated by two observations that we usually encount...

Efficient implementation of a real-time estimation system for thalamocortical hidden Parkinsonian properties.

Scientific reports
Real-time estimation of dynamical characteristics of thalamocortical cells, such as dynamics of ion channels and membrane potentials, is useful and essential in the study of the thalamus in Parkinsonian state. However, measuring the dynamical propert...

Decision making under uncertainty in a spiking neural network model of the basal ganglia.

Journal of integrative neuroscience
The mechanisms of decision-making and action selection are generally thought to be under the control of parallel cortico-subcortical loops connecting back to distinct areas of cortex through the basal ganglia and processing motor, cognitive and limbi...

Metrics of brain network architecture capture the impact of disease in children with epilepsy.

NeuroImage. Clinical
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Epilepsy is associated with alterations in the structural framework of the cerebral network. The aim of this study was to measure the potential of global metrics of network architecture derived from resting state functional ...

Revealing unobserved factors underlying cortical activity with a rectified latent variable model applied to neural population recordings.

Journal of neurophysiology
The activity of sensory cortical neurons is not only driven by external stimuli but also shaped by other sources of input to the cortex. Unlike external stimuli, these other sources of input are challenging to experimentally control, or even observe,...

Differential diagnosis of mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease using structural MRI cortical thickness, hippocampal shape, hippocampal texture, and volumetry.

NeuroImage. Clinical
This paper presents a brain T1-weighted structural magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarker that combines several individual MRI biomarkers (cortical thickness measurements, volumetric measurements, hippocampal shape, and hippocampal texture). The ...