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Improving automatic delineation for head and neck organs at risk by Deep Learning Contouring.

Radiotherapy and oncology : journal of the European Society for Therapeutic Radiology and Oncology Oct 22, 2019
INTRODUCTION: Adequate head and neck (HN) organ-at-risk (OAR) delineation is crucial for HN radiotherapy and for investigating the relationships between radiation dose to OARs and radiation-induced side effects. The automatic contouring algorithms th...
Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted Observer Variation Adolescent Head and Neck Neoplasms Neural Networks, Computer Neck Algorithms Neoplasm Staging Female Organs at Risk Aged Adult Young Adult Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Humans
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Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease: Thoracic CT Texture Analysis and Machine Learning to Predict Pulmonary Ventilation.

Radiology Oct 22, 2019
Background Fixed airflow limitation and ventilation heterogeneity are common in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Conventional noncontrast CT provides airway and parenchymal measurements but cannot be used to directly determine lung funct...
Aged, 80 and over Adult Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive Male Middle Aged Support Vector Machine Longitudinal Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Pulmonary Ventilation Machine Learning Prospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Aged Humans
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Deep Learning for Chest Radiograph Diagnosis in the Emergency Department.

Radiology Oct 22, 2019
BackgroundThe performance of a deep learning (DL) algorithm should be validated in actual clinical situations, before its clinical implementation.PurposeTo evaluate the performance of a DL algorithm for identifying chest radiographs with clinically r...
Adult Sensitivity and Specificity Male Middle Aged Deep Learning Humans Retrospective Studies Female Aged Clinical Competence Diagnosis, Differential Emergency Service, Hospital Radiography, Thoracic
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SVM recursive feature elimination analyses of structural brain MRI predicts near-term relapses in patients with clinically isolated syndromes suggestive of multiple sclerosis.

NeuroImage. Clinical Oct 22, 2019
Machine learning classification is an attractive approach to automatically differentiate patients from healthy subjects, and to predict future disease outcomes. A clinically isolated syndrome (CIS) is often the first presentation of multiple sclerosi...
Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Neuroimaging Male Humans Support Vector Machine Middle Aged Gray Matter Disease Progression Follow-Up Studies Retrospective Studies Adolescent White Matter Magnetic Resonance Imaging Female Multiple Sclerosis Young Adult Adult
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Is obesity a contraindication for kidney donation?

Surgical endoscopy Oct 21, 2019
INTRODUCTION: To enlarge the donor pool, kidney donors with obesity have been considered. We hypothesized that it is safe for patients with obesity to serve as living kidney donors.
Humans Kidney Transplantation Retrospective Studies Female Adult Tissue and Organ Harvesting Male Obesity Robotics Postoperative Period
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Deep Learning Based on Standard H&E Images of Primary Melanoma Tumors Identifies Patients at Risk for Visceral Recurrence and Death.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research Oct 21, 2019
PURPOSE: Biomarkers for disease-specific survival (DSS) in early-stage melanoma are needed to select patients for adjuvant immunotherapy and accelerate clinical trial design. We present a pathology-based computational method using a deep neural netwo...
Female Staining and Labeling Melanoma Follow-Up Studies Risk Factors Area Under Curve Aged Biopsy Middle Aged Aged, 80 and over Neoplasm Recurrence, Local Humans Young Adult Disease Progression Neural Networks, Computer Adult Deep Learning Algorithms Survival Rate Image Processing, Computer-Assisted Retrospective Studies Male
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Applying Machine Learning Techniques in Nomogram Prediction and Analysis for SMILE Treatment.

American journal of ophthalmology Oct 21, 2019
PURPOSE: To analyze the outcome of machine learning technique for prediction of small incision lenticule extraction (SMILE) nomogram.
Astigmatism Corneal Stroma Corneal Surgery, Laser Female Humans Young Adult Middle Aged Machine Learning Adult Refraction, Ocular Prospective Studies Male Myopia Nomograms Lasers, Excimer
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Accurate and robust segmentation of neuroanatomy in T1-weighted MRI by combining spatial priors with deep convolutional neural networks.

Human brain mapping Oct 21, 2019
Neuroanatomical segmentation in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the brain is a prerequisite for quantitative volume, thickness, and shape measurements, as well as an important intermediate step in many preprocessing pipelines. This work introduce...
Middle Aged Deep Learning Magnetic Resonance Imaging Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Neuroimaging Humans Brain Reproducibility of Results Aged Adult
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Precision screening for familial hypercholesterolaemia: a machine learning study applied to electronic health encounter data.

The Lancet. Digital health Oct 21, 2019
BACKGROUND: Cardiovascular outcomes for people with familial hypercholesterolaemia can be improved with diagnosis and medical management. However, 90% of individuals with familial hypercholesterolaemia remain undiagnosed in the USA. We aimed to accel...
Aged Humans Aged, 80 and over Machine Learning Adult Precision Medicine Male Middle Aged Female Mass Screening Hyperlipoproteinemia Type II Telemedicine Early Diagnosis
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Deep learning in the detection of high-grade glioma recurrence using multiple MRI sequences: A pilot study.

Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia Oct 21, 2019
The identification of high-grade glioma (HGG) progression may pose a diagnostic dilemma due to similar appearances of treatment-related changes (TRC) (e.g. pseudoprogression or radionecrosis). Deep learning (DL) may be able to assist with this task. ...
Humans Female Aged Adult Brain Neoplasms Male Middle Aged Neoplasm Recurrence, Local Deep Learning Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Pilot Projects Glioma Magnetic Resonance Imaging
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