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Treatment Outcome

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Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach with ideal response to neoadjuvant chemo-immunotherapy: a case report.

Frontiers in immunology
Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the stomach (HAS) is a rare subtype of gastric cancer characterized by histological features resembling hepatocellular carcinoma. Surgical intervention remains the preferred treatment modality for eligible patients. However...

Single-nucleotide polymorphisms in genes associated with the vitamin D pathway related to clinical and therapeutic outcomes of American tegumentary leishmaniasis.

Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology
BACKGROUND: The vitamin D pathway contributes to the microbicidal activity of macrophages against infection. In addition to induction of this pathway, interferon-gamma (IFNγ), interleukin (IL)-15, and IL32γ are part of a network of pro-inflammatory ...

Understanding the role of the gut microbiome in solid tumor responses to immune checkpoint inhibitors for personalized therapeutic strategies: a review.

Frontiers in immunology
Immunotherapy, especially immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI) therapy, has yielded remarkable outcomes for some patients with solid cancers, but others do not respond to these treatments. Recent research has identified the gut microbiota as a key modul...

Machine learning derivation of two cardiac arrest subphenotypes with distinct responses to treatment.

Journal of translational medicine
INTRODUCTION: Cardiac arrest (CA), characterized by its heterogeneity, poses challenges in patient management. This study aimed to identify clinical subphenotypes in CA patients to aid in patient classification, prognosis assessment, and treatment de...

Deep learning-based prediction of HER2 status and trastuzumab treatment efficacy of gastric adenocarcinoma based on morphological features.

Journal of translational medicine
BACKGROUND: First-line treatment for advanced gastric adenocarcinoma (GAC) with human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) is trastuzumab combined with chemotherapy. In clinical practice, HER2 positivity is identified through immunohistochemistr...

Explainable Machine Learning to Predict Treatment Response in Advanced Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer.

JCO clinical cancer informatics
PURPOSE: Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) have demonstrated promise in the treatment of various cancers. Single-drug ICI therapy (immuno-oncology [IO] monotherapy) that targets PD-L1 is the standard of care in patients with advanced non-small cell...

Machine Learning Predictions of Recovery in Bilingual Poststroke Aphasia: Aligning Insights With Clinical Evidence.

Stroke
BACKGROUND: Predicting treated language improvement (TLI) and transfer to the untreated language (cross-language generalization, CLG) after speech-language therapy in bilingual individuals with poststroke aphasia is crucial for personalized treatment...

Multiparametric MRI along with machine learning predicts prognosis and treatment response in pediatric low-grade glioma.

Nature communications
Pediatric low-grade gliomas (pLGGs) exhibit heterogeneous prognoses and variable responses to treatment, leading to tumor progression and adverse outcomes in cases where complete resection is unachievable. Early prediction of treatment responsiveness...

Identification of key gene signatures for predicting chemo-immunotherapy efficacy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer using machine learning.

Lung cancer (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
OBJECTIVES: The lack of definitive biomarkers presents a significant challenge for chemo-immunotherapy in extensive-stage small-cell lung cancer (ES-SCLC). We aimed to identify key genes associated with chemo-immunotherapy efficacy in ES-SCLC through...

Development and evaluation of a deep learning segmentation model for assessing non-surgical endodontic treatment outcomes on periapical radiographs: A retrospective study.

PloS one
This study aimed to evaluate the performance of a deep learning-based segmentation model for predicting outcomes of non-surgical endodontic treatment. Preoperative and 3-year postoperative periapical radiographic images of each tooth from routine roo...