AIMC Topic: Humans

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Digital quantification of Ki67 and PRAME in challenging melanocytic lesions - A novel diagnostic tool.

Pathology, research and practice
The interpretation of immunohistochemical markers in melanocytic lesions possesses difficulties due to expression in non-melanocytic cells and the time-consuming, non-reproducible nature of manual assessment. A digital tool that accurately quantifies...

Toward a human-centric co-design methodology for AI detection of differences between planned and delivered dose in radiotherapy.

Journal of applied clinical medical physics
INTRODUCTION: Many artificial intelligence (AI) solutions have been proposed to enhance the radiotherapy (RT) workflow, but limited applications have been implemented to date, suggesting an implementation gap. One contributing factor to this gap is a...

AI-Quantitative CT Coronary Plaque Features Associate With a Higher Relative Risk in Women: CONFIRM2 Registry.

Circulation. Cardiovascular imaging
BACKGROUND: Coronary plaque features are imaging biomarkers of cardiovascular risk, but less is known about sex-specific patterns in their prognostic value. This study aimed to define sex differences in the coronary atherosclerotic phenotypes assesse...

Impact of harmonization on predicting complications in head and neck cancer after radiotherapy using MRI radiomics and machine learning techniques.

Medical physics
BACKGROUND: Variations in medical images specific to individual scanners restrict the use of radiomics in both clinical practice and research. To create reproducible and generalizable radiomics-based models for outcome prediction and assessment, data...

Structural and metabolic topological alterations associated with butylphthalide treatment in mild cognitive impairment: Data from a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial.

Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences
AIMS: Effective intervention for mild cognitive impairment (MCI) is key for preventing dementia. As a neuroprotective agent, butylphthalide has the potential to treat MCI due to Alzheimer disease (AD). However, the pharmacological mechanism of butylp...

Evidence-based artificial intelligence: Implementing retrieval-augmented generation models to enhance clinical decision support in plastic surgery.

Journal of plastic, reconstructive & aesthetic surgery : JPRAS
The rapid advancement of large language models (LLMs) has generated significant enthusiasm within healthcare, especially in supporting clinical decision-making and patient management. However, inherent limitations including hallucinations, outdated c...

A novel hybrid feature fusion approach using handcrafted features with transfer learning model for enhanced skin cancer classification.

Computers in biology and medicine
Skin cancer is a deadly disease and has the highest rising rates globally. It arises from aberrant skin cells, which are often caused by prolonged exposure to ultraviolet rays from sunlight or artificial tanning devices. Dermatologists rely on visual...

Efficient multi-task learning with instance selection for biomedical NLP.

Computers in biology and medicine
BACKGROUND: Biomedical natural language processing (NLP) increasingly relies on large language models and extensive datasets, presenting significant computational challenges.

Immune profile and routine laboratory indicator-based machine learning for prediction of lung cancer.

Computers in biology and medicine
INTRODUCTION: Early diagnosis of lung cancer is still a challenge by using current diagnostic methods.

Artificial intelligence for intraoperative video analysis in robotic-assisted esophagectomy.

Surgical endoscopy
BACKGROUND: Robotic-assisted minimally invasive esophagectomy (RAMIE) is a complex surgical procedure for treating esophageal cancer. Artificial intelligence (AI) is an uprising technology with increasing applications in the surgical field. This scop...