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Representations of skin tone and sex in dermatology by generative artificial intelligence: a comparative study.

Clinical and experimental dermatology
With generative artificial intelligence (AI) demonstrating potential in dermatological education, assessment of skin tone diversity is imperative to ensure comprehensive patient care. Evaluating DALL·E 3, Midjourney and DreamStudio Beta, we generated...

An FDG-PET-Based Machine Learning Framework to Support Neurologic Decision-Making in Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Distinguishing neurodegenerative diseases is a challenging task requiring neurologic expertise. Clinical decision support systems (CDSSs) powered by machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence can assist with complex ...

Role of Brain Age Gap as a Mediator in the Relationship Between Cognitive Impairment Risk Factors and Cognition.

Neurology
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Cerebrovascular disease (CeVD) and cognitive impairment risk factors contribute to cognitive decline, but the role of brain age gap (BAG) in mediating this relationship remains unclear, especially in Southeast Asian populat...

Application of Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy in liquid biopsy to predict the response to the first-line immunotherapy in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients.

Biochemical and biophysical research communications
The direction of anticancer therapies has changed in recent years, including the increasing use of immunotherapy. However, around 50 % of non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients do not respond to immunotherapy. Therefore, it is important to find ...

Deep learning for echocardiographic assessment and risk stratification of aortic, mitral, and tricuspid regurgitation: the DELINEATE-regurgitation study.

European heart journal
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Classification and risk stratification in aortic (AR), mitral (MR), and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) remains a significant clinical challenge. This study aimed to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) system to assess valvular ...

Nutritionally Responsive PMv DAT Neurons Are Dynamically Regulated During Pubertal Transition.

FASEB journal : official publication of the Federation of American Societies for Experimental Biology
Pubertal development is tightly regulated by energy balance. The crosstalk between metabolism and reproduction is orchestrated by complex neural networks, and leptin action in the hypothalamus plays a critical role. The ventral premammillary nucleus ...

Developing a Two-Dimensional Size-Exclusion Liquid Chromatography Platform for Isolating the High-Quality Extracellular Vesicles to Predict and Evaluate Metabolic Improvement Outcomes of Sleeve Gastrectomy.

Analytical chemistry
The direct analysis of plasma exosomal components still presents significant challenges due to the interference of high concentrations of albumin, immunoglobulins, and other abundant proteins. Herein, we developed a two-dimensional size-exclusion liq...

Predicting depression in healthy young adults: A machine learning approach using longitudinal neuroimaging data.

NeuroImage
Accurate prediction of depressive symptoms in healthy individuals can enable early intervention and reduce both individual and societal costs. This study aimed to develop predictive models for depression in young adults using machine learning (ML) te...

Decoding the Narcissistic Brain.

NeuroImage
There is a substantial knowledge gap in the narcissism literature: <1 % of the nearly 12,000 articles on narcissism have addressed its neural basis. To help fill this gap, we asked whether the multifacetedness of narcissism could be decoded from spon...

Metabolic pathway alterations in cerebrospinal fluid as diagnostic biomarkers for primary central nervous system lymphoma.

Clinica chimica acta; international journal of clinical chemistry
Primary Central Nervous System Lymphoma (PCNSL) is a rare and aggressive type of hematological malignancy that can pose diagnostic challenges. Early detection is critical for effective treatment and better patient outcomes. The goal of this study was...