AIMC Topic: Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic

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Using Auto-Segmentation to Reduce Contouring and Dose Inconsistency in Clinical Trials: The Simulated Impact on RTOG 0617.

International journal of radiation oncology, biology, physics Nov 13, 2020
PURPOSE: Contouring inconsistencies are known but understudied in clinical radiation therapy trials. We applied auto-contouring to the Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) 0617 dose escalation trial data. We hypothesized that the trial heart doses...
Confidence Intervals Linear Models Proportional Hazards Models Humans Radiotherapy Dosage Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Algorithms Tomography, X-Ray Computed Deep Learning Female Lung Neoplasms Aged Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Aged, 80 and over Heart Adult Organs at Risk Male Middle Aged Statistics, Nonparametric
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Using machine learning algorithms to review computed tomography scans and assess risk for cardiovascular disease: Retrospective analysis from the National Lung Screening Trial (NLST).

PloS one Aug 3, 2020
BACKGROUND: The National Lung Screening Trial (NLST) demonstrated that annual screening with low dose CT in high-risk population was associated with reduction in lung cancer mortality. Nonetheless, the leading cause of mortality in the study was from...
Cigarette Smoking Coronary Vessels Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic National Cancer Institute (U.S.) Emphysema Mass Screening Early Detection of Cancer Liver Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Risk Assessment Lung Lung Neoplasms Fatty Liver United States Humans Machine Learning Retrospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Risk Factors Male Cardiovascular Diseases Middle Aged
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Identification of Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Sensitive to Systemic Cancer Therapies Using Radiomics.

Clinical cancer research : an official journal of the American Association for Cancer Research Mar 20, 2020
PURPOSE: Using standard-of-care CT images obtained from patients with a diagnosis of non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC), we defined radiomics signatures predicting the sensitivity of tumors to nivolumab, docetaxel, and gefitinib.
Humans Machine Learning Prognosis Retrospective Studies Tomography, X-Ray Computed Female Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Gefitinib Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic Nivolumab Docetaxel Survival Rate Male Disease Progression Lung Neoplasms Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols
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On strategic choices faced by large pharmaceutical laboratories and their effect on innovation risk under fuzzy conditions.

Artificial intelligence in medicine Aug 11, 2019
OBJECTIVES: We develop a fuzzy evaluation model that provides managers at different responsibility levels in pharmaceutical laboratories with a rich picture of their innovation risk as well as that of competitors. This would help them take better str...
Humans Research Risk Assessment Decision Making, Organizational Strategic Planning Fuzzy Logic Models, Statistical Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic Inventions Probability Drug Approval Drug Industry Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase IV as Topic
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Artificial Intelligence for Clinical Trial Design.

Trends in pharmacological sciences Jul 17, 2019
Clinical trials consume the latter half of the 10 to 15 year, 1.5-2.0 billion USD, development cycle for bringing a single new drug to market. Hence, a failed trial sinks not only the investment into the trial itself but also the preclinical developm...
Humans Artificial Intelligence Drug Development Patient Selection Patient Compliance Clinical Trials as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Clinical Protocols
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Automated quantitative tumour response assessment of MRI in neuro-oncology with artificial neural networks: a multicentre, retrospective study.

The Lancet. Oncology Apr 2, 2019
BACKGROUND: The Response Assessment in Neuro-Oncology (RANO) criteria and requirements for a uniform protocol have been introduced to standardise assessment of MRI scans in both clinical trials and clinical practice. However, these criteria mainly re...
Tumor Burden Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted Automation Germany Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Multicenter Studies as Topic Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic Predictive Value of Tests Workflow Male Disease Progression Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted Humans Time Factors Databases, Factual Neural Networks, Computer Treatment Outcome Retrospective Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Female Reproducibility of Results Brain Neoplasms
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Patient-level meta-analysis of efficacy and hypoglycaemia in people with type 2 diabetes initiating insulin glargine 100U/mL or neutral protamine Hagedorn insulin analysed according to concomitant oral antidiabetes therapy.

Diabetes research and clinical practice Nov 9, 2016
AIMS: Evaluate efficacy and hypoglycaemia according to concomitant oral antidiabetes drug (OAD) in people with type 2 diabetes initiating insulin glargine 100U/mL (Gla-100) or neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin once daily.
Hypoglycemia Clinical Trials, Phase IV as Topic Administration, Oral Hypoglycemic Agents Insulin, Isophane Drug Therapy, Combination Humans Treatment Outcome Weight Gain Sulfonylurea Compounds Female Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Male Glycated Hemoglobin Incidence Insulin Glargine Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2
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AI-driven predictive biomarker discovery with contrastive learning to improve clinical trial outcomes.

Cancer cell May 12, 2025
Modern clinical trials can capture tens of thousands of clinicogenomic measurements per individual. Discovering predictive biomarkers, as opposed to prognostic markers, remains challenging. To address this, we present a neural network framework based...
Prognosis Retrospective Studies Biomarkers, Tumor Humans Neoplasms Neural Networks, Computer Clinical Trials as Topic Artificial Intelligence Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Algorithms
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Assessing Algorithmic Fairness With a Multimodal Artificial Intelligence Model in Men of African and Non-African Origin on NRG Oncology Prostate Cancer Phase III Trials.

JCO clinical cancer informatics May 1, 2025
PURPOSE: Artificial intelligence (AI) tools could improve clinical decision making or exacerbate inequities because of bias. African American (AA) men reportedly have a worse prognosis for prostate cancer (PCa) and are underrepresented in the develop...
Black or African American Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic White Prognosis Aged Humans Male Artificial Intelligence Middle Aged Algorithms Prostatic Neoplasms
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Machine Learning Predictive Models Can Improve Efficacy of Clinical Trials for Alzheimer's Disease.

Journal of Alzheimer's disease : JAD Jan 1, 2020
BACKGROUND: The ideal participants for Alzheimer's disease (AD) clinical trials would show cognitive decline in the absence of treatment (i.e., placebo arm) and also would be responsive to the therapeutic intervention being studied (i.e., drug arm). ...
Cognitive Dysfunction Follow-Up Studies Magnetic Resonance Imaging Predictive Value of Tests Sample Size Reproducibility of Results Aged Aged, 80 and over Sensitivity and Specificity Male Alzheimer Disease Neuroimaging Clinical Trials as Topic Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic Mental Status and Dementia Tests Humans Machine Learning Algorithms Research Design Databases, Factual Female
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